Prevalence of antibiotic resistance Escherichia coli isolated from Pangasius catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) fillet during freezing process at two factories in Mekong Delta Vietnam

D.A Salako,P.N Trang,N.C Ha,T.T.A Ngoc,T Miyamoto

doi:10.26656/fr.2017.4(5).160

Abstract

Total of 261 samples of fish and environmental samples (i.e. wash water, swabs of hand/ gloves of workers, fish contact surfaces i.e. knives, cutting boards and working tables) were collected from two Pangasius processing factories (PPF1 and PPF2). A total of seventy-one (71) isolates of Escherichia coli were selected to study the prevalence of antibiotics resistance using disk agar diffusion method. Overall, it was determined that 61% (22/36) of PPF1 isolates were resistant except to colistin while 68.57% (24/35) of PPF2 isolates were resistant except kanamycin. High resistance was against ampicillin in both PPF1 and PPF2 isolates (47.22% and 42.86%), followed by cefotaxime (33.33% and 40%) respectively. Varying resistance response to all other tested antibiotics such as streptomycin, meropenem, tetracycline, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and nalidixic acid was also observed among the E. coli isolates from both factories. About 50% of the multidrug resistant (3-9 antibiotics) among PPF1 were observed whereas there were 45.83% multi-drug resistant (3-7 antibiotics) among PPF2 isolates. The result from this study reflected that there was a prevalence of multi-drug resistance of E. coli isolated during the processing of Pangasius at the studied factories. Therefore, there is a need for an effective risk management assessment models and management plans from stakeholders involved in the Pangasius value chain (i.e. farmers, processors and government) to ensure the food safety of production chain

Highlights

Pangasius hypophthalmus is a key aquaculture species in Vietnam which accounts for more than 90% of what is sold on the international market (Little et al, 2012)
From PPF1, the highest count of E. coli was observed at the trimming (3.67 log CFU/g) and cooling steps (3.73 log CFU/g) for the fish samples compared to other steps (p
During observation at the skinning step, several fillets passed through the machine surface where skinning is being done without intermittent cleaning of the surface during this operation, there is a greater possibility of contamination at this step as well. This shows that the contamination of Pangasius fillets with E. coli can occur at any point during production, and this might originate from the raw fish itself, food operators, environment and poor quality of wash water used for fish processing along the processing chain (Tong Thi et al, 2013; Divyashree et al, 2019)

Summary

Introduction

Pangasius hypophthalmus is a key aquaculture species in Vietnam which accounts for more than 90% of what is sold on the international market (Little et al, 2012). This industry has become an important source of employment and wealth generation in the Mekong Delta as the product is almost totally exported to over 100 countries, as frozen fillets making it one of the key success stories of Asian aquaculture (Phan et al, 2009). The intensive and semiintensive practices employed to produce large stocks of fish result in the outbreak of diseases, and the use of antimicrobials has become a customary practice to control them (Santos and Ramos, 2018). Antibiotics residue has been reported in exported Pangasius products (Jansomboon et al, 2018)

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