Abstract
Abstract Introduction Open bite can generate relevant psychosocial impact in the daily life of the patient, both from the aesthetic and functional point of view. Objective The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with the anterior open bite in children in the first school year in a municipality in southern Brazil. Material and method A cross-sectional study was carried out with six-year-old schoolchildren in Palhoça/SC. Interviews were conducted with mothers to gather socioeconomic and non-nutritive sucking habits information. Children oral clinical examinations were carried out in schools. Multivariate analyses were performed using Poisson regression with a robust estimator. The study involved 655 children, 50.5% being female. Result The prevalence of anterior open bite was 14.1% (95% CI 11.5; 16.7). Girls exhibited a lower prevalence [PR= 0.96 (95% CI 0.94; 0.99) p= 0.024] and those children who used a pacifier exhibited a higher prevalence of anterior open bite [PR= 1.04 (95% CI 1.01; 1.07) p= 0.003]. Conclusion The prevalence was 14.1% and that it was associated with gender and the use of pacifier, in a statistically significant and independent way.
Highlights
Open bite can generate relevant psychosocial impact in the daily life of the patient, both from the aesthetic and functional point of view
The posterior teeth must be occluded and a negative vertical >2 mm overlap should be observed in the front teeth[2,4]. This is represented by the buccal position of the anterior teeth and the lack of vertical overlap between the upper and lower incisors[2,3], which can generate a relevant psychosocial impact in the daily life of the patient, both from the aesthetic and functional point of view[3]
Its etiology is multifactorial[4,5] and may be associated to genetic predisposition, deleterious oral habits such as the use of baby bottle, pacifier, thumb-sucking, oro-nasal breathing, hypertrophic tonsils, lingual interposition, onychophagy, bruxism and anomaly in the tooth eruption process. Such conditions affect the growth and development of facial structures, interfering with the morphology and functions of the stomatognathic system[2], since anterior open bite (AOB) predisposes to functional disorders of the lips and of the tongue, which in turn leads to atypical swallowing, causes chewing problems, phonation and myofascial hypodevelopment[6]
Summary
Open bite can generate relevant psychosocial impact in the daily life of the patient, both from the aesthetic and functional point of view. Its etiology is multifactorial[4,5] and may be associated to genetic predisposition, deleterious oral habits such as the use of baby bottle, pacifier, thumb-sucking, oro-nasal breathing, hypertrophic tonsils, lingual interposition, onychophagy, bruxism and anomaly in the tooth eruption process Such conditions affect the growth and development of facial structures, interfering with the morphology and functions of the stomatognathic system[2], since AOB predisposes to functional disorders of the lips and of the tongue, which in turn leads to atypical swallowing, causes chewing problems, phonation and myofascial hypodevelopment[6]
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