Prevalence of anemia in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and peculiarities of hemopoiesis and ferrokinetics, depending on the degree of anemia

Abstract

Anemic syndrome is a frequent complication of ankylosing spondylitis (AS), worsening the course of the disease and prognosis. The purpose of this work was to determine the frequency of anemia, relationship with age, sex and duration of the disease, as well as the peculiarities of hemopoiesis and ferrokinetics in patients with AS. 118 patients with AS and 26 controls were examined. Hematologic parameters were determined on the apparatus of ERMA PCE-210 (Japan), indicators of ferrokinetics were determined on a biochemical analyzer Humalyzer 2000 using sets in accordance with the instructions of the manufacturer. Statistical data was processed using the Microsoft Office Excel statistical software package. The probability of the results was estimated using Student's criteria (probable results were considered at p<0.05) and Fischer's criterion. Analysis of data showed that anemia was detected in 28.8% of patients. In 79.4%, anemia was mild, and 20.6% had an average degree of severity. Anemia was detected in 68.8% of women and 22.5% of men. Anemia was observed in 52.9% of patients with a disease duration of up to 5 years. According to cytometric indices, it is normocytic anemia in 55.9%, microcytic it is in 26.5%, and only in 17.6% is macrocytic. In patients with moderate severity of anemia, serum iron levels, ferritin and coefficient of saturation of transferrin were significantly lower, compared with light, and total iron binding capacity (TIBC) and sTfR levels were higher, p<0.05. Thus, among patients with SAR, anemia is detected in 28.8% of patients with predominantly mild degrees. Anemia is more often diagnosed in women than in men. There is no relationship between age and the occurrence of anemia. In debut disease, every second patient has anemic syndrome. According to the cytometric characteristic, anemia is a mild degree of normocytic, and anemia of middle degree is microcytic. Patients with microcytic anemia had the lowest levels of iron, ferritin, coefficient of saturation of transferrin, and the highest levels of TIBC and sTfR.