Abstract
BackgroundSeveral reports designate the recent increase in community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) nasal carriage. Because of the scanty information regarding the nasal carriage sate of MRSA in the west of Iran, the purpose of the present study was to determine the frequency of CA-MRSA in Sanandaj city.MethodsSwabs collected from anterior nares of 600 volunteers were analyzed for the presence of S. aureus. The isolates were further investigated for methicillin resistance by using the cefoxitin disk diffusion test, followed by PCR-amplification of the mecA gene. SCCmec types and the presence of the Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (pvl) encoding genes were determined through PCR. Finally, the antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates was determined by the agar diffusion method.ResultsNasal screening identified 181 S. aureus, of which 55 isolates were MRSA. SCCmec types IV and V were detected in MRSA at frequencies of 80 and 20%, respectively. The overall frequency of pvl genes among the MRSA isolates was 14.54%. MRSA isolates were highly susceptible (98.18%) to mupirocin, gentamicin, and fusidic acid.ConclusionsThe high prevalence of CA-MRSA carriage in the population could pose a serious public health concern for the region. Additionally, advent of drug-resistant pvl-positive strains demands continuous surveillance on the colonization state of CA-MRSA in order to prevent dissemination of the bacterium in the community.
Highlights
Several reports designate the recent increase in community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) nasal carriage
Samples and data collection The frequency of S. aureus nasal carriage (SANC) and MRSA was investigated in a cross-sectional study from February 2017 to July 2018 among 600 randomly chosen inhabitants in Sanandaj city based on the non-probability haphazard sampling type
The risk of MRSA (Adjusted odds ratio (OR): 3.86; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.70–8.76) infection was significant with gender (Table 3)
Summary
Several reports designate the recent increase in community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) nasal carriage. Because of the scanty information regarding the nasal carriage sate of MRSA in the west of Iran, the purpose of the present study was to determine the frequency of CA-MRSA in Sanandaj city. Despite the studies carried out on CA-MRSA carriage in various part of the world [11,12,13,14], and among healthy children [15, 16], medical and non-medical students [8], and outpatients [17, 18] in Iran, the prevalence of CAMRSA in the community setting in the west of Iran is totally unknown. This study was conducted to evaluate the nasal colonization state of MRSA on healthy individuals in Sanandaj city, west of Iran. SCCmec types, presence of pvl, and antibiotic resistance profile of the isolates were further analyzed
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