Prevalence of aminoglycoside therapy and other determinant factors that induce hearing loss in neonates

Abstract

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Hearing loss is the most common disorder in neonates; it can be best managed if it is diagnosed at early stage of life. The global prevalence of permanent neonatal hearing loss mainly occurs in developing countries, which accounts 0.5 to 5.0 per 1000 live births. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of aminoglycoside therapy and other risk factors that induce hearing loss in neonates admitted at NICU at Cipto-Mangunkusumo General Hospital (CMGH).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a case-control study conducted among 112 neonates at Cipto-Mangunkusumo General Hospital (CMGH). Data from neonatal hearing screening were retrospectively collected from hospital electronic medical records and medical files. Only patients treated at neonatal unit from November 2018 to October 2019 were recruited. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 112 neonates studied, the gestational age at birth (GA) and craniofacial anomalies were considered risk factors for hearing loss since they were statistically significant (p<0.05). The study showed no statistical significant association in gender, birth weight, mechanical ventilation, NICU stay period (>5 days), hyperbilirubinemia (>20 mg/dl), asphyxia, and aminoglycoside therapy (p>0.05).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The prevalence of hearing loss in neonates with lower gestational age less than 37 weeks and craniofacial anomalies are significant higher compare to neonates born full term. They are more associated with 3 and 6 times increased risk of hearing loss in neonates.</p>