Abstract
Background: Burn infections are one of the most common serious illnesses caused by pathogens, mainly by both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. The aim of this study was to detect of the prevalence of multi-drug resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing (ESBL) bacteria isolated from inpatients with burn infection and the antimicrobials sensitivity patterns of all bacterial isolates during three years. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in Al-Najaf Central Hospital in Al-Najaf City, Iraq from January 2015 to December 2017. A total of 295 burns swabs were collected from hospitalized patients with burn infection. All grown bacterial isolates were identified by standardized microbiological tests. Antimicrobials susceptibility testing was done using the disc diffusion method. Multi-drug, extensive-drug and pan-drug resistant bacteria and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing bacteria were determined according to standardized methods and guidelines. Results: Of the 295 burn swabs, 513 different bacteria strains were isolated. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common bacteria with 142 isolates (27.6%) followed by methicillin resistance Staphylococcus aureus 106 isolates (20.6%), while Staphylococcus typhi was the least common bacteria with only 17 isolates (3.3%). 323 (63%) different bacterial strains were isolated from patients who stayed in hospital for 15 days. Most bacterial isolates were resistant to most antimicrobials with high percentages. Out of the 513 bacterial isolates; only 33 isolates (6.4%) were resistant to imipenem 10µg and 464 isolates (90.4%) were multi-drug resistant, 20 isolates (14%) were extensive-drug resistant and 17 isolates (3.3%) were pan-drug resistant. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common ESBL-producing bacteria (51 isolates-35.9%). Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of multi-drug resistant bacteria in burn infection in Al-Najaf hospital. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common multi-drug resistant bacteria, and the most common of ESBL bacteria causing burn infection over the three years.
Highlights
Burn infection caused by pathogenic bacteria is one of the most common hospital problems worldwide, in developing countries[1]
Burn infection is characterized by difficult healing due to administration of unsuitable treatment, long stays in hospital and the contaminates of hospital environments lead to the emergence of new multi-drug resistant bacterial isolates causing dangerous complications such as, bacteremia, septicemia and death[13,14]
The aim of this work was to investigate of the prevalence of multi-drug resistant bacteria and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing bacteria isolated from inpatients with burn infection in Al-Najaf central hospital in Al-Najaf City, Iraq over three years, from January 2015 to December 2017 to increase our understanding of the most prominent bacteria and their resistance to different antimicrobials to prevent the emergence of these isolates in the future
Summary
Burn infection caused by pathogenic bacteria is one of the most common hospital problems worldwide, in developing countries[1]. Multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria is one of the most common pathogens causing burn infection in hospitalized patients worldwide[8,9]. Burn infection is characterized by difficult healing due to administration of unsuitable treatment, long stays in hospital and the contaminates of hospital environments lead to the emergence of new multi-drug resistant bacterial isolates causing dangerous complications such as, bacteremia, septicemia and death[13,14]. The aim of this work was to investigate of the prevalence of multi-drug resistant bacteria and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing bacteria isolated from inpatients with burn infection in Al-Najaf central hospital in Al-Najaf City, Iraq over three years, from January 2015 to December 2017 to increase our understanding of the most prominent bacteria and their resistance to different antimicrobials to prevent the emergence of these isolates in the future. Out of the 513 bacterial isolates; only 33 isolates (6.4%) were resistant to imipenem 10μg and 464 isolates (90.4%) were multi-drug resistant, 20 isolates (14%) were extensive-
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