Abstract
Introduction: Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is treated with second line antituberculosis drugs. These drugs are notorious for inflicting serious adverse drug reactions (ADRs), which many studies have shown causes a wide range of economic and health problems including death. Aim: The study examined the prevalence of ADRs, associated risk factors, socio-demographic association and outcomes among patients treated for MDR-TB at a comprehensive tuberculosis treatment center in Nigeria. Method: The study was conducted at the Government Chest Hospital, Jericho, Ibadan. We applied a retrospective assessment of patient treatment data and ADRs reports stored at the study site from March 2013 and February 2016. Subsequently, a prospective study of ADRs was conducted on patients admitted into the same hospital. Causality relationship between the drugs and the reported ADRs was determined with a specially validated tool. The outcomes assessed include recovery from the ADRs, death and permanent deafness from the ADRs. Extracted data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. Risk Ratio was calculated for the influence of risk factors for adverse drug reactions. Logistic regression was performed to test for the strength of relationships between risk factors and incidence of ADRs among patients. Result: Almost all the participants in this study reported adverse drug reaction [99% (118/119)]. However, ototoxicity was the most prevalent ADR (35.3%), followed by electrolyte imbalance (12.6%), gastrointestinal track (10.1%) and psychiatric disorders (10.1%). Being older than 35 years and HIV negative or having a healthy BMI were not significant risk factors for developing ADRs. Duration of ADR above one month was significantly associated with the outcome of ADR. Conclusion: Ototoxicity, electrolyte imbalance, psychiatric disorders and gastrointestinal tract problems were the most frequently reported ADRs. Healthcare providers, government and donor agencies supporting the treatment should ensure that hearing aids and other forms of support are readily made available for the affected patients.
Highlights
Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is treated with second line antituberculosis drugs
Aim: The study examined the prevalence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), associated risk factors, sociodemographic association and outcomes among patients treated for MDR-TB at a comprehensive tuberculosis treatment center in Nigeria
Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), which is more fatal than the normal TB, develops when the Mycobacterium tuberculosis develops resistant to the backbone treatment, which is rifampicin (R) and isoniazid (INH)
Summary
Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is treated with second line antituberculosis drugs. These drugs are notorious for inflicting serious adverse drug reactions (ADRs), which many studies have shown causes a wide range of economic and health problems including death. Aim: The study examined the prevalence of ADRs, associated risk factors, sociodemographic association and outcomes among patients treated for MDR-TB at a comprehensive tuberculosis treatment center in Nigeria. The conventional programmatic regimen with which MDR treatment started in Nigeria was composed as follows: 1) Oral fluoroquinolone—Levofloxacin; 2) Second line injectable—Kanamycin/Capreomycin; 3) Other core second line agents—Cycloserine; 4) Other core second line agents—Prothionamide; 5) Add-on agents—Pyrazinamide. The injectable-based shorter regimen is given over a period of 9 - 11 months with a combination of 7 drugs (High dose isoniazid, Ethambutol, Pyrazinamide, Prothionamide, Clofazimine, Moxifloxacin and an injectable aminoglycoside or cyclic peptide capreomycin). Government Chest hospital is a tuberculosis specialist and referral center for all forms of tuberculosis from drug susceptible tuberculosis (DSTB) to multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB)—all of which are referred to as drug resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
