Abstract
This retrospective study was conducted during January to September in the year 1997. Three hundred and forty nine stool samples were collected from diarrhoea patients from different places of Kathmandu valley and examined at National Public Health Laboratory (NPHL), Teku, Kathmandu. Acute diarrhoea becomes epidemic in rainy season and is a major public health problem of the city. In this study, people with poor hygiene practice and poor education were infected more than other people. Among the 349 patients with the gastrointestinal disease, 26.0% were found to have bacterial infection. Out of which, 88 (25.1%), one (0.28%), one (0.28%), and one (0.28%) were found to be Vibrio cholerae 01, Vibrio cholerae 0139, Shigella dysenteriae and Escherichia coli respectively. Cholera cases were found almost throughout the year in the city though the numbers increased during the rainy season. It was highest during July (34.6%) followed by August (32.35%), September 32% and June (6.89%). The uncommon species of Vibrio i.e. Vibrio cholerae 0139 was also found in the study. Higher prevalence was found in urban areas (83.52%) than in rural areas (16.48%). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bacterial isolates showed that Ciprofloxacin (97.85%) was found to be the most effective antibiotic followed by Tetracycline (92.34%), Erythromycin (92.34%), Norfloxacin (93.34%), Cholramphenicol, Ampicillim, but Cotrimoxazole were found to be resistant to all isolated Vibrio cholerae.
Highlights
Acute diarrhoea is a sudden alteration in normal bowel habits whereby normally formed stool passed daily changes to frequent, multiple loose to watery stools.[1]
According to World Health Organisation (WHO) analysis of 1998, four million children less than five years of age die annually in Asia, Africa and Latin America, 33% of deaths occurs under five years of age due to diarrhoea
Acute diarrhoea may be caused by different viruses, bacteria like Salmonella spp, Shigella spp, Vibrio cholera and parasites
Summary
Acute diarrhoea is a sudden alteration in normal bowel habits whereby normally formed stool passed daily changes to frequent, multiple loose to watery stools.[1]. The diarrhoeal disease problem is complex and pervasive as it involves deep rooted cultural, behavioral and primary need factors. These are the most important health problems in the world today. According to World Health Organisation (WHO) analysis of 1998, four million children less than five years of age die annually in Asia, Africa and Latin America, 33% of deaths occurs under five years of age due to diarrhoea. Every year 30-40 thousands children die from the diarrhoeal disease.[1] The case fatality rate (CFR) from acute diarrhea was found to be 1.95% in JNMA l Vol 46 l No 4 l Issue 168 l OCT-DEC, 2007
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
