Abstract
Hypertension affects 1.4 billion of the world population, being considered the main cause of cardiovascular diseases and, therefore, an important cause of premature and preventable mortality worldwide. It is associated with complications such as atherosclerotic coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, and chronic kidney disease. Given this prevalence and risk, strategies were created to control the disease, such as changes in lifestyle and use of medications. However, non-adherence to treatment is a frequent concern and it is associated with adverse results and an increased number of complications. Therefore, the present study aims to present the incidence of arterial hypertension in the population of a city in the inland part of São Paulo, relating it to its risk factors, adherence to treatment and disease control. The objective is evaluating the incidence and rate of uncontrolled systemic arterial hypertension on a campaign day in a city in the inland part of São Paulo. The method is observational, cross-sectional, descriptive, population-based study, random sample of 545 individuals, 231 women and 314 men, collected in a city in the northwest of São Paulo on a campaign day. The study showed a prevalence of 46.24% for hypertensive patients, with 88.9% adherence to treatment and pressure loss of 34.23%. Among the analyzed hypertensive patients, there was a higher incidence among the elderly, obese, and people with diabetes mellitus. Regarding adherence and disease control, better results were noted among patients with complications such as AMI and thrombotic events, and less adherence among obese, alcoholics and smokers. The results of the present study are consistent with literature data, showing that even with knowledge of the disease, part of the population does not have adequate treatment, showing the need for integrated health policies for early diagnosis, distribution and treatment regulation, and actions to improve lifestyle.
Highlights
The increase in blood pressure is defined, according to the American College of Cardiology (ACC) and the American Heart Association (AHA), as Blood Pressure (BP) ≥130/80 mm Hg
Considering only the 252 participants diagnosed with Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH), 109 (43.25%) were women and 143 (56.75%) men
Associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) and its cardiac, renal and vascular complications, it has a high impact on the loss of work productivity and family income, estimated at US $ 4.18 billion between 2006 and 2015
Summary
The increase in blood pressure is defined, according to the American College of Cardiology (ACC) and the American Heart Association (AHA), as Blood Pressure (BP) ≥130/80 mm Hg. Stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage and chronic kidney disease (CKD). It represents an association with 47% of all ischemic heart disease events and 54% of all strokes in the world [1]. Given this prevalence and risk, strategies were created to control the disease, such as changes in lifestyle and use of medications. Non-adherence to treatment is a frequent concern and it is associated with adverse results and an increased number of complications. There has been no systemic review or meta-analysis carried out to quantify and justify non-adherence, which hampers interventions and strategies to improve this reality [4]-[6]
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