Abstract
BackgroundThe risk and protective factors of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and its prevalence as well as incidence among old adult in Chinese community are still unclear.MethodsWe carried out this 1-year longitudinal study to survey a random sample of 3,246 community elders aged 60 and over in China. All subjects were required to complete a comprehensive clinical assessment, physical examination and several neuropsychological tests at baseline and follow-up. What’s more, we also collected their lifestyle information by a standardized questionnaire.ResultsWe found that the prevalence of aMCI was 17.1%, while the incidence of aMCI among Chinese old adult was 70.57 per 1,000 person-years. By using Cox regression analysis, we found that male sex (p = 0.001, OR = 0.489, 95%CI 0.319~0.751) and reading (p = 0.023, OR = 0.533, 95%CI 0.310~0.917) were protective factors for against aMCI. Old adult who developed aMCI in the future showed multiple cognitive impairments (such as immediate memory, associative learning memory and executive function) in their early stage, and Wechsler’s Block Design (p = 0.027, OR = 0.969, 95%CL 0.943~0.996) could predict whether subjects would turn into aMCI in the future.ConclusionsThe present study suggests that aMCI is a considerable health problem in China. Executive dysfunction may be an indicator of future development of aMCI in the old normal adult.
Highlights
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an intermediate phase between normal ageing and early dementia, and is associated with increased risk of Aizheimer's disease (AD) [1]
We found that the baseline raw scores of Normal- amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) group on Digit Span, Auditory verbal learning tests, Associative learning test, Verbal fluency, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)-III Block Design, and Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)-III picture completion were lower than those of Normal-normal group (p < 0.05), while there was no statistical differences (p > 0.05) in Mini- mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Visual identification test and Delayed memory between two groups (Table 3)
By using Cox regression analysis and cluster analysis, we found that the baseline scores of Wechsler’s Block Design (p=0.027, OR=0.969, 95%CL 0.943~0.996) could predict whether subjects would turn into aMCI in the future (Table 5)
Summary
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an intermediate phase between normal ageing and early dementia, and is associated with increased risk of Aizheimer's disease (AD) [1]. Determining the MCI and subtype prevalence is essential to develop preventive approaches for old adult [5]. There are only two studies involving the prevalence of aMCI in China, Our previous study found that the prevalence of aMCI among old adult in Shanghai community was 22.3%, and the incidence (per 1,000 person-years) was 96.9 [10], while another study carried out in Tianjin showed that the prevalence of MCI was 11.33% [11]. The risk and protective factors of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and its prevalence as well as incidence among old adult in Chinese community are still unclear
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