Prevalence evaluation of apical periodontitis and its relationship with endodontic and restorative treatment in a community in Southern Brazil

Julia Machado Saporiti,Melissa Feres Damian,Nadia De Souza Ferreira,Andressa Gomes

doi:10.14295/bds.2020.v23i1.1807

Julia Machado Saporiti, Melissa Feres Damian + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.14295/bds.2020.v23i1.1807

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Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was evaluate radiographically prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) in endodontically treated teeth (ETT) and relate with demographic factors, quality of endodontic treatment and coronal restoration. Material and methods: Data were collected from dental records wich contained full-mouth radiographic series. In ETT, arch, dental group and presence of AP were evaluated. Quality of root canal filling, presence and quality of coronal restoration and type of restorative material were also collected. Data were evaluated using descriptive statistics and Chi-square Test. Results: Of 70 patients included in the final sample, the majority were female (54.3%) and age ranged from 13 to 77 years (47.14 ± 13.18). Of 1,333 teeth evaluated, 73 (5.4%) had endodontic treatment, being the majority maxillary (74%) and anterior teeth (52.1%). Of teeth without endodontic treatment, 320 (25.4%) had AP. Failure rate was high (52.8%) and quality of root canal filling and coronal restoration were considered inadequate in majority cases (58.3% and 47.7%, respectively). Dental group had a statistically significant relationship with presence of AP in ETT, being more frequent in anterior teeth (p = 0.019). Conclusion: It was concluded that prevalence of AP in ETT was high and dental group was the factor that most influenced prevalence of AP in ETT.KeywordsApical periodontitis; Radiography; Root canal filling.

Highlights

C urrently, a large number of teeth are kept in the oral cavity by performing endodontic treatments, which restore oral health and function for patients, with a consequent social impact [1]
Apical periodontitis can be described as an inflammatory pathology, of acute or chronic nature, that affects the periapical region of teeth
There are still few reports of studies on the subject performed in Brazil, and yet, these few reports refer to the results found in the Southeast and Northeast regions of the country [3, 10, 11].Based on the aforementioned reasons, the primary aim of this study was to radiographically evaluate the prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) in endodontically treated teeth (ETT), to determine the radiographic success of treatment in patients who sought dental care at the Faculty of Dentistry of Federal University of Pelotas, located in South of Brazil

Summary

Introduction

C urrently, a large number of teeth are kept in the oral cavity by performing endodontic treatments, which restore oral health and function for patients, with a consequent social impact [1]. Apical periodontitis can be described as an inflammatory pathology, of acute or chronic nature, that affects the periapical region of teeth. There are several reasons that may lead to endodontic treatment failure, causes that require clinical operator’s control are constantly related to AP cases, including the presence of poorly obturated canals and inadequate coronary restoration [2,9,14,15]. The technical quality of root canal fillings and coronary restorations are contributing factors to the appearance of AP in the ETT, but the impact that each of these factors have on the occurence of the pathology is still controversial [3,5,10, 11,16,17,18,19]

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Conclusion