Prevalence, distribution, and clinical relevance of nonsyndromic dental anomalies in the general population of Uttar Pradesh, India: A radiographic study

Abstract

Objectives: The objective of the study was to learn about the incidence of dental defects in our area and to assist dental surgeons and patients in achieving a better treatment outcome. Materials and Methods: Between March 2021 and March 2022, panoramic radiographs of 5140 patients attending the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Subharti Dental College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, were examined, and this number of patients was included in the study based on the existence of dental anomalies. The participants in this study ranged in age from 8 to 60 years old. The study eliminated patients with syndromes linked to dental anomalies, and no clinically investigated dental malformations were included in the study. In patients visiting the hospital’s dental outpatient department, assessment of the prevalence and distribution of dental anomalies (i.e., tooth-by-tooth distribution) was performed. Results: Patients with dental malformations were discovered with the greatest proclivity for dilaceration (53.07%). Impacted mandibular teeth were the second most common anomaly found. Hypercementosis, dwarf roots, macrodontia, and microdontia were also found to be more prevalent. Conclusion: In a non-syndromic adult Indian population of Uttar Pradesh, the prevalence and distribution of several developmental dental abnormalities were discovered. Impaction, hypercementosis, dwarf roots, hyperdontia, root dilaceration, peg-shaped laterals (microdontia), and hypodontia were more common than other size and shape anomalies. These anomalies have a considerable impact on tooth occlusion and alignment, which has an impact on orthodontic treatment planning. They aid in the diagnosis of various systemic disorders and syndromes, as well as surgical planning. If not addressed effectively, they may bring treatment challenges.