Prevalence, Deaths and Disability-Adjusted-Life-Years (DALYs) Due to Type 2 Diabetes and Its Attributable Risk Factors in 204 Countries and Territories, 1990-2019: Results From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Saeid Safiri,Mark J M Sullman,Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi,Gary Collins,Maziar Moradi-Lakeh,Jay S Kaufman,Arielle Wilder Bell,Nahid Karamzad,Ali-Asghar Kolahi

doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.838027

Abstract

AimTo report the point prevalence, deaths and disability-adjusted-life-years (DALYs) due to type 2 diabetes and its attributable risk factors in 204 countries and territories during the period 1990-2019.MethodsWe used the data of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019 to report number and age-standardised rates per 100 000 population of type 2 diabetes. Estimates were reported with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs).ResultsIn 2019, the global age-standardised point prevalence and death rates for type 2 diabetes were 5282.9 and 18.5 per 100 000, an increase of 49% and 10.8%, respectively, since 1990. Moreover, the global age-standardised DALY rate in 2019 was 801.5 per 100 000, an increase of 27.6% since 1990. In 2019, the global point prevalence of type 2 diabetes was slightly higher in males and increased with age up to the 75-79 age group, decreasing across the remaining age groups. American Samoa [19876.8] had the highest age-standardised point prevalence rates of type 2 diabetes in 2019. Generally, the burden of type 2 diabetes decreased with increasing SDI (Socio-demographic Index). Globally, high body mass index [51.9%], ambient particulate matter pollution [13.6%] and smoking [9.9%] had the three highest proportions of attributable DALYs.ConclusionLow and middle-income countries have the highest burden and greater investment in type 2 diabetes prevention is needed. In addition, accurate data on type 2 diabetes needs to be collected by the health systems of all countries to allow better monitoring and evaluation of population-level interventions.

Highlights

Diabetes mellitus (DM) describes a group of metabolic disorders which are characterized by high blood glucose levels
Type 2 diabetes accounted for 1472.9 thousand deaths in 2019, with an age-standardised rate of 18.5 per
In 2019, the global point prevalence of type 2 diabetes was slightly higher in males and increased with age up to the 75-79 years age group, and decreased with increasing age

Summary

Introduction

Diabetes mellitus (DM) describes a group of metabolic disorders which are characterized by high blood glucose levels. People with diabetes have an increased risk of developing a number of serious life-threatening health problems, which results in higher medical care costs, reduced quality of life and increased mortality [1]. To the best of our knowledge, the global number of prevalent cases of type 2 diabetes was first estimated in Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017, which found that about 463 million people live with type 2 diabetes [4]. One study reported the incidence of type 2 diabetes using GBD 2017 data, but the prevalence and deaths due to the disease were not reported and the regional- and national-level patterns were not presented by development level [5]. Previous research did not present inter-regional variations on the burden of type 2 diabetes that were attributable to different risk factors [5]

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