Prevalence, Causes, Treatment and the Role of Antioxidants in Ischemic Brain Stroke Diseases: A Review

Abstract

This literature review reveals that in the ischemic stroke the blood clot occur in the brain due to which the arteries blocks and stop the blood flow. There are main two types of ischemic stroke one is thrombolic and the other one is embolic. The prevalence of ischemic stroke is about 85% in the U.S while in Pakistan as such no true incidence of stroke was determined but estimated annual rate is 250/100,000 translating to 350,000 new cases every year. The ischemic stroke is more than haemoregic stroke. Approximately 70 percent of patients have ischemic stroke. In the ischemic stroke there are many different types of risk factors or causes are involved due to which the ischemic stroke may cause e.g. oxidative stress, blood pressure, obesity, sex, family history etc. Many ROS are generated and may cause the oxidative stress due to which the brain is damaged and may cause the ischemic stroke. These risk factors may control through proper medications, regular exercise and the intake of many dietary antioxidants. In this type of disease the many different types of antioxidants e.g. (Bilirubin and Glutathione, Tocopherols, Dietary Vitamin E, Antioxidant Vitamin Supplements, Dietary Vitamin C) are also involved which scavenge the free radicals and reduce the chance of oxidative stress and thus the brain prevented from the damage.