Prevalence, causes, and impact of self-reported vision impairment among older people in China: Findings from the China health and retirement longitudinal study

Abstract

This article investigated the prevalence, causes, and impact of self-reported vision impairment among older people in China. A total of 12,910 participants aged ⩾50 years were included in this study from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) over the periods of 2011, 2013, and 2015. All data were reported by participants via a self-reported questionnaire. Distance vision was assessed by asking if they could see the face of a person on the other side of the street. Near vision was assessed by asking if they could read ordinary newspaper. Depressive symptoms were evaluated by 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. The analysis method included the χ2 – square distribution test and multiple regression analysis. This article first found that prevalence of self-reported vision impairment was much higher in rural than in urban areas; in urban areas, females had a greater chance of being affected than males, and for both sexes, it increases with increasing age. Second, some factors found are significantly associated with increased vision impairment rates, include increasing age, female gender, rural residents, elementary-level education, unmarried individuals, and non-agricultural occupations. Third, the leading cause of vision impairment was a refractive error and the most common causes of vision impairment include cataracts and glaucoma. Fourth, vision impairment was significantly associated with falls and depressive symptoms and has a negative effect on the quality of life of older Chinese. The article concluded that older people with self-reported vision impairment were relatively low and it is majorly caused by refractive error. Older people with distance vision impairment and near vision impairment were more likely to report falls and depressive symptoms in the future. In line with these findings, a couple of policy recommendations for further research were made.