Abstract
Early identification of individuals with high risk is crucial to preventing cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aimed to determine the prevalence of high CVD risk in Inner Mongolia and to analyze the treatment of major risk factors among individuals with high CVD risk. We selected 70,380 participants aged 35-75 years in Inner Mongolia between 2015 and 2017 using multistage stratified sampling. All participants completed a questionnaire and their blood pressure, blood glucose and lipid levels, height, weight and waist circumference were measured. Participants without a history of CVD were defined as high CVD risk if the predicted 10-year risk for CVD exceeded 10%. We assessed rates of high CVD risk and the prevalence and treatment of major risk factors among individuals with high CVD risk. After excluding participants with previous CVD, 68,083 participants remained. The overall prevalence of high CVD risk was 24.96%. The age- and sex-standardized rate of high CVD risk was 22.92%. Among high-risk participants, the prevalence of risk factors was hypertension (91.9%), dyslipidemia (54.1%), obesity (34.6%), diabetes (27.6%), and smoking (24.5%); clustering of these risk factors was common. The percentage of high-risk individuals taking antihypertensive drugs was 45.94% in those with hypertension; 27.99% of those with diabetes took hypoglycemic drugs and only 5.01% of those with dyslipidemia took lipid-lowering drugs. Control rates of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia were 1.20%, 4.43%, and 2.78%, respectively. Therefore, the prevalence of high CVD risk was elevated in Inner Mongolia, and treatment and control rates were low.
Highlights
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide
Participants in urban areas had a greater prevalence of high CVD risk than those in rural areas, and people who were not married had a higher CVD risk than those who were married (P < 0.001)
After multiple logistic regression analysis, the results showed that age over 55 years old, farmer, obesity, hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia were independently associated with high CVD risk (Table 4)
Summary
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In 2015, there were an estimated 422.7 million prevalent cases and 17.9 million deaths caused by CVD [1], and these figures showed no large changes in 2016 [2]. The burden of disease caused by CVD has been gradually increasing in China [3]. The burden of CVD in Inner Mongolia is at a higher level than in the rest of the country [4,5,6]. Inner Mongolia, located in the north of China, has well-developed animal husbandry and agriculture, but its per capita income and educational level are not high, and its medical and health resources are insufficient. Unhealthy lifestyles such as high-salt, high-fat diets, and high rate of drinking alcohol are common in local residents. The prevention of CVD in Inner Mongolia is urgent
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