PREVALENCE AND SYMPTOMS OF ASTHMA AND ALLERGIC RHINITIS IN ADULTS WITH CHRONIC RHINOSINUSITIS IN THE EASTERN REGION OF SAUDI ARABIA

Abstract

Background: This cross-sectional study explores the prevalence and symptoms of asthma and allergic rhinitis among adults diagnosed with Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) in the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia. Methods: Involving 386 participants, the research employs demographic profiling and symptom analysis and explores the interplay of upper and lower airway conditions. This study investigates the prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis among 386 adults with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in Eastern Saudi Arabia. Employing a cross-sectional design, participants from King Fahad Specialist Hospital and Jubail General Hospital were selected through random and stratified sampling. Results: The study reveals a higher prevalence of asthma (40.6%) compared to allergic rhinitis (25.1%), emphasising the need for a comprehensive understanding of these respiratory conditions. Intriguing associations between asthma attacks and specific CRS symptoms, such as chest tightness and waking due to shortness of breath, provide insights into shared pathways. Demographically, higher prevalence is observed among females, individuals with lower educational attainment, and nonsmokers, highlighting socio-demographic influences on respiratory health. Conclusion: The study discloses a noteworthy prevalence of asthma (40.6%) in comparison to allergic rhinitis (25.1%) among adults with Chronic Rhinosinusitis in Eastern Saudi Arabia. Asthma attacks showcase distinctive associations with specific CRS symptoms, emphasising the intricate interplay of these respiratory conditions. The demographic influences of education and smoking underscore the importance of lifestyle factors. Recommendations for future research include longitudinal studies and clinical validations to enhance the validity and depth of our findings.