Abstract
Introduction: To estimate the prevalence and pattern of congenital anomalies through obstetric ultrasound on pregnant women visiting Rapti sub-regional hospital, Ghorahi, Dang, Nepal.
 Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among 10,380 pregnant women visiting Radiology department of Rapti sub-regional hospital from January 2016 to July 2017. The findings of transabdominal ultrasonography (USG) performed by Radiologist and information regarding women’sage and gestational age were recorded. The images of any significant cases were also saved. Data wereanalyzed based on study objectives using descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, rangeand standard deviation. The classification of the malformation was done based on the anatomical system.
 Results: Out of 10,380 ultrasound performed during the study period, 106 (1.02%) pregnant women presented with different congenital anomalies. The antenatal prevalence of congenital anomalies was 10.21 per 1000 pregnant women. The mean maternal age was 25.9 ± 4.80 years. Regarding gestation age, 87 (82.1%) anomalies were detected at second trimester of pregnancy. Most commonly involved body system was central nervous system 51 (48.1%), followed by cardiovascular system 12 (11.3%), musculoskeletal system 10 (9.4%), gastrointestinal system 5 (4.7%), respiratory system 5 (4.7%), genitourinary system 4 (3.8%). Other anomalies were cystic hygroma 9 (8.4%), hydrops fetalis 4 (3.8%), cleft lip 3 (2.8%), pelvic cystic lesion 2 (1.8%) and conjoined twins 1 (0.9%).
 Conclusion: The prevalence of congenital anomalies is high in mid-western part of Nepal. Central nervous system anomalies were more common than other anomalies.
Highlights
To estimate the prevalence and pattern of congenital anomalies through obstetric ultrasound on pregnant women visiting Rapti sub-regional hospital, Ghorahi, Dang, Nepal
11 (10.4%) anomalies were detected at first trimester, 87 (82.1%) at second trimester and 8 (7.5%) at third trimester of pregnancy
Out of 10,380 prenatal USG done in Radiology department of Rapti sub-regional hospital, Ghorahi, Dang, 106 (1.02%) pregnant women were diagnosed as having congenital anomalies
Summary
To estimate the prevalence and pattern of congenital anomalies through obstetric ultrasound on pregnant women visiting Rapti sub-regional hospital, Ghorahi, Dang, Nepal. Major congenital malformations are reported in at least 2% of pregnancies in United Kingdom.[4,5] In China, 1.03% of neonates are born with congenital anomalies while in India the incidence of 2.3% has been documented.[6,7] The study from Nepal showed the prevalence of 52.0 (95% CI: 44.0–61.0) per 10,000 children.[8] Whereas according to Nepal Demographic and Health Survey, congenital malformations and deformities account for 7% of all neonatal deaths.[9] The most common, severe congenotal anomalies are heart edfects, neural tube defects and Down syndrome.[2] During the last decades an increasing number of congenital malformations have been diagnosed prenatally by ultrasound investigations. The current study aims to establish the prevalence and pattern of congenital anomalies through obstetric ultrasound, in unselected population visiting Rapti sub-regional hospital
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
