Prevalence and severity of periodontal disease among non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients in Shimla City, Himachal Pradesh, India

Abstract

Background: Periodontal disease has been labelled as the sixth complication of the diabetes. Abnormal collagen metabolism, abnormal polymorphonuclear cell function and altered sulcular microbial flora progresses periodontitis among diabetic patients. Aim : To find out the prevalence and severity of periodontal disease among Noninsulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Shimla City, Himachal Pradesh, India. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted among 100 subjects suffering from type-II diabetes mellitus and 100 non diabetic patients attending medicine department with age group between 35 to 75 years. Based on the values of glycated haemoglobin the diabetic subjects were divided into well, moderate and poorly controlled. Information regarding age, gender and duration of diabetes was recorded on the format. CPI index was used to evaluate the periodontal status of the subjects. Data was analysed using SPSS version 15. P ≤ 0.05 and ≤0.01 was considered as statistically significant and highly significant respectively. Results: Among both the genders, the mean CPI score was higher among diabetics as compared to the nondiabetics. Statistically this difference was highly significant ( P 1 C has also shown significant association with the occurrence of higher CPI scores with increase in its value. Longer duration was associated with higher CPI scores than lesser duration and statistically this difference was significant. ( P Conclusion: Type-II diabetic patients have a higher prevalence of periodontal disease than non diabetic individuals. More emphasis is to be put on the co-managemnt of oral and overall health in patients with diabetes by dental and general practitioners.