Prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis and genu valgum among school children in rural field practice area of a medical college

Abstract

ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of dental fluorosis and genu valgum among school children in the above mentioned area. MethodsA Cross sectional study was conducted on school children of 1st to 7th standard in the rural field practice area of a medical college. Children were examined for dental fluorosis and genu valgum. Drinking water samples were also tested for fluoride levels. Proportion of children with dental fluorosis and genu valgum were calculated by severity, age and sex. Statistical significance was analyzed by using Chisquare test or Mc Nemar test. ResultsOf the 1 544 children examined 42.1% and 8.4% had dental fluorosis and genu valgum respectively. Prevalence of very mild dental fluorosis and moderate grade genu valgum were high compared to other categories. Prevalence rates increased with the age (P<0.05) and was more among girls (45.2%) as compared to boys (39.1%) (P<0.05). Of the 26 water samples analysed, 18 samples (69.2%) revealed the fluoride content above the permissible limit. ConclusionsFindings of the present study reveal a high prevalence of dental fluorosis and genu valgum amongst school children and high fluoride level in the water. Further studies are needed to evaluate the other risk factors and reasons for gender differences.