Prevalence and risk factors of restless legs syndrome in maintenance peritoneal dialysis patients

Abstract

Objectives To investigate the prevalence and its risk factors of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in maintenance peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Methods Patients who performed PD in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were recruited by convenience sampling. International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group diagnostic criteria and International Restless Leg Syndrome rating scale were used to diagnose and evaluate the RLS and its severity. Co-morbidities level, baseline demographic, clinical and biochemical data were collected to analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with RLS. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the risk factors for RLS. Results A total of 421 PD patients were enrolled in this study. Their age was (46.3±12.8) years old, 44.2% were female and 17.3% with diabetes. The median vintage of PD was 46.8(28.0, 73.5) months. The prevalence of RLS was 14.0%, most of whom were affected with moderate or severe RLS. Logistic regression analysis showed that younger age, long-term dialysis duration, higher serum calcium and phosphorus were the risk factors associated with RLS in PD patients after adjustment for confounders (all P<0.05). Conclusions Prevalence of RLS in PD patients is 14.0%. Younger age, long-term dialysis duration, higher serum calcium and phosphorus were the risk factors associated with RLS. Key words: Peritoneal dialysis; Restless legs syndrome; Risk factors