Prevalence and Risk Factors of Preoperative Deep Vein Thrombosis in Patients with End-Stage Knee Osteoarthritis

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence and the risk factors of DVT in end-stage OA patients. From March 2015 to June 2017, 521 patients with knee degenerative osteoarthritis undergoing knee arthroplasty were enrolled; 458 patients (87.9%) were admitted for primary total knee arthroplasty and 63 patients (12.1%) were admitted for unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. Parameters were compared using χ2 or t-test for both the groups. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine risk factors. The incidence of preoperative DVT was 6.7% (n=35). Age in preoperative DVT group was significantly more than the non-DVT group (72.54±6.53 vs. 68.65±7.35, P=0.002). Preoperative D-dimer >0.5 μg/mL (P < 0.001) was also associated with preoperative DVT in knee osteoarthritis patients. The incidence increased with age significantly (2.17% in <65years, 6.86% in ≥65 <75years, and 12.26% in ≥75years) (P=0.008). Thus, age (P=0.041, OR 1.075, 95% CI [1.002-1.110]) and D-dimer >0.5 μg/mL (P < 0.001, OR 4.441, 95% CI [1.942-10.153]) were the independent risk factors for preoperative DVT in knee osteoarthritis patients. The incidence of DVT in end-stage osteoarthritis was 6.7%. The results suggest that older people aged over 75 and D-dimer > 0.5 μg/mL were risk factors for DVT among patients admitted to the hospital for total knee arthroplasty. Instrumental screening should be encouraged, especially in subgroups at higher risk for preoperative DVT.