Prevalence and risk factors of hyperuricemia among freshmen at Beijing Sport University from 2021 to 2022

Abstract

To investigate the prevalence of hyperuricemia among freshmen enrolled in Beijing Sport University and to explore the influencing factors of hyperuricemia in the college population. The study period was from September 2021 to February 2022.3372 freshmen of the class of 2021 from Beijing Sport University in Beijing were selected as the study subjects, and two blood uric acid tests were performed on non-same days to calculate the prevalence of the population and to explore the risk factors of hyperuricemia in the college student population using a case-control method.246 people were selected from the hyperuricemia patients of the population to be included in the case group by convenience sampling, and 211 people were selected from the non-hyperuricemia persons of the population to be included in the control group. They were included in the control group, underwent physical and laboratory examinations, and were retrospectively surveyed with questionnaires that included general information such as age, gender, specialty, place of birth, and diet related to hyperuricemia, awareness of hyperuricemia disease, physical activity level, and sleep. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square analysis, one-way Logistic regression analysis, and multi-factor logistic regression analysis. The number of patients actually diagnosed with hyperuricemia by two blood uric acid tests on non-same days was 479, with a population prevalence rate of 14.21%. Among them, the number of males in the diseased population was 391(22.39%), and the number of females in the diseased population was 88(5.41%). A total of 457 subjects were enrolled in the case-control study, among them, 246 in the case group(218 males and 28 females, average age 19.74 years), 211 in the control group(177 males and 34 females, average age 19.93 years), and 247 in the case group, 211 in the control group, and 2 groups of subjects were included. A total of 211 subjects, and there was no significant difference between the 2 groups in terms of gender composition and age distribution. One-way logistic regression analysis showed that central obesity(OR=31.52, 95%CI 7.59-130.86), obesity(OR=2.59, 95%CI 1.20-5.58), overweight(OR=1.67, 95%CI 1.08-2.59), frequent consumption of fresh vegetables(OR=0.66, 95%CI 0.43-0.99), and drinking 1500-2000 mL of water per day(OR=0.63, 95%CI 0.41-0.95) were associated with hyperuricemia, and multifactorial Logistic regression analyses were performed to analyze the above factors, and finally central obesity(OR=32.05, 95%CI 7.65-134.20), BMI obesity(OR=3.22, 95%CI 1.44-7.20), and daily water intake of 1500-2000 mL(OR=0.60, 95%CI 0.37-0.95) were included in the model at the level of P=0.05. The current high prevalence of hyperuricemia in the college student population, which is more prevalent in male college students. Obesity and central obesity are risk factors for hyperuricemia in young college students, and daily water intake of 1500-2000 mL is a protective factor.