Abstract
Hypertension plays a persistent role in the causation of coronary heart disease, stroke, and vascular problems. Many factors like dietary, behavioral, psychological, environmental, genetic, etc have a direct or indirect influence on hypertension. The available evidences shows a higher prevalence of hypertension in Nepal. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with hypertension among adults of Nagarjun Municipality. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among adults of age 18 and above in Nagarjun municipality. A structured questionnaire was used to assess the risk factors and observation was done to determine blood pressure and anthropometric measurement. The data were entered and analyzed by (SPSS) software version 20. Chi-square test was used to identify the association. The overall prevalence of hypertension was 22.8% and prehypertension was 14.5%. More males were found to have hypertension (28.09%) compared to females (16.67%). Age, sex, religion, socio-economic status, ciggrate smoking, alcohol consumption, BMI, diabetes, family history of hypertension and cardio vascular disease was found to be significantly associated with hypertension. The preventive and intervention measures should be adopted to reduce the behavioral and biological risk factors which are directly related with the causation of hypertension.
Highlights
The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention Detection Evaluation, and Treatment of high blood pressure (JNC VII) defined hypertension as higher than 140 mm of Hg of a systolic blood pressure and/or higher than 90mm of Hg of a diastolic blood pressure depending upon the mean of two or more measurement of correct blood pressure taken during contacts with a health professional [1]
The present study found higher prevalence (28.09%) among the age group 41-88 whereas the age group of 18-40 had 16.93% prevalence of hypertension which supported by the findings of the study in Kritipur municipality and among adults of Sipaghat VDC of Sindhupalchowk where hypertension was found higher with advancing of age [11, 14]
The study revealed that the prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension among adults of Nagarjun municipality was 22.8% and 14.50%
Summary
The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention Detection Evaluation, and Treatment of high blood pressure (JNC VII) defined hypertension as higher than 140 mm of Hg of a systolic blood pressure and/or higher than 90mm of Hg of a diastolic blood pressure depending upon the mean of two or more measurement of correct blood pressure taken during contacts with a health professional [1]. The 7.5 million deaths is regarded to be a cause of hypertension and account for 12.8% of all deaths and is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease [2]. Hypertension is divided into primary (essential) and secondary. When the causes are generally unknown it is classified as essential hypertension and accounts for 90 percent cases of all hypertension. When abnormality or other disease process is involved in causation categorized as "secondary" hypertension. “Rules of halves” describes that there are high number of hypertensive people in the community while only few are diagnosed; among the diagnosed people; only few undergoes treatment and very few people are adequately treated. The country in a posttransition stage of economy and epidemiology the higher blood pressure have been noted among the group of lower socio-economic class [3]
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