PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE (GERD) IN ADULT KASHMIRI POPULATION

Prof Samia Rasheed,Padma Lahdol,Nisar A Shah,Rakesh Kumar Koul,Shagufta Parveen

doi:10.22159/ijpps.2018v10i8.25894

Prof Samia Rasheed, Padma Lahdol + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2018v10i8.25894

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Abstract

Objective: The study was conducted with the objective of studying the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and to study various factors associated with it in adult Kashmiri population.Methods: It was a community based prospective cross-sectional observational study conducted by the Department of Medicine and Gastroenterology, GMC Srinagar over a period of 24 mo upon native Kashmiris from urban as well as rural areas as a study group. A total of 2600 subjects above the age of 18 y were studied and the overall prevalence of disease was calculated and also the associated (risk) factors were looked for.Results: The overall prevalence of 20.3% was seen in the study population with female gender being more prone to the development of disease (p<0.001). Other factors of greater significance included body mass index (BMI), smoking, physical activity, intake of spicy foods, posture after meals, dinner to sleep time, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) intake and some underlying ailments like asthma and history of abdominal surgery.Conclusion: The overall prevalence of GERD in Kashmiri community is 20.3% with females being more prone with a definite role of factors like BMI, smoking, physical activity, posture after meals, dinner to sleep time interval, intake of spicy foods, drugs and also the co-morbidities.

Highlights

Gastro-oesophagal reflux (GERD) is the regurgitation of gastric contents and acid into the esophagus caused by the spontaneous and repeated opening of lower esophageal sphincter or its inappropriate closure [1]
Consumption of spicy food intake was found to be associated with an increase in the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) to the extent of 27.4% as compared to the prevalence of 18.6% in case of those not consuming spicy foods
Coming to the dinner to sleep time interval and assuming a lying down posture after meals, both these factors were found to have a definite and statistically significant association with the prevalence of GERD

Summary

Introduction

Gastro-oesophagal reflux (GERD) is the regurgitation of gastric contents and acid into the esophagus caused by the spontaneous and repeated opening of lower esophageal sphincter or its inappropriate closure [1]. GERD is a chronic and relapsing gastrointestinal disorder in which the reflux of the gastric contents into the esophagus causes a range of troublesome symptoms like heartburn and regurgitation, and/or complications [2]. Other associations include body obesity, genetic factors, nutritional factors, alcohol consumption, smoking habits, intake of non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs, posture after meals and dinner to sleep time interval [5]. Many of these factors are related to the population’s lifestyle. With this thing in mind and owing to the burden of the disease and the impact of different lifestyle adopted by people from different regions on the prevalence and severity of GERD and the absence of any such data from this part of Northern India, the current study was conducted in our community where a lot of nonvegetable foods with added spices are consumed

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