Abstract
This epidemiological survey was aimed at investigation of prevalence of bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis in adult population of Moscow. Methods . This study was a part of Global Allergy and Asthma European Network (GA2LEN). Moscow families having children of 15 to 17 years of age (n = 2 397) were interviewed using a validated Russian GA 2 LEN questionnaire. The responders were stratified into groups according to age: 15 to 24 years of age (group 1; n = 1 252; 85% responded) and 25 to 74 years of age (group 2; n = 1 145; 76.6% responded). Statistical processing of data was carried out using Statistica.10 and EPINFO.7 (WHO) software. Results . Prevalence of wheezing, chest tightness, waking up shortness of breath and asthma attacks at rest was higher in group 1 responders compared to group 2 (25.8 vs 18.8% (p < 0.001), 41.9 vs 20.0% (p < 0.001); 15.8 vs 5.7% (p < 0.001); and 10.6 vs 2.6% (p < 0.001), respectively). Asthma was confirmed in 4.1% and 8.5% in groups 1 and 2, respectively (p < 0.001). Asthma attacks were reported by 37.3% and 65.6% of respondents in groups 1 and 2, respectively (p < 0.001), in previous 12 months. Medications for asthma were administered to 33.3% and 60.0% of respondents, respectively (p = 0.002). Symptoms of allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis were reported more frequently by group 2 respondents compared to group 1. On contrary, symptoms of allergic sinusitis were reported more frequently by group 1 respondents compared to group 2. Smoking, NSAID intolerance and acute respiratory viral infection rate were higher in group 2; food allergy was more frequent in group 1. Conclusion . Asthma prevalence and severity in adult population increase with age. This could be caused by different rates of risk factors in various age groups.
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