Abstract
Purpose. To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of hyperplastic and adenomatous colorectal polyps in a Taiwanese general population. Methods. From January 2009 to December 2011, consecutive asymptomatic subjects undergoing a routine health check-up were evaluated by colonoscopy. The colorectal polyps were assessed, and medical history and demographic data were obtained from each patient. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to search the independent risk factors for asymptomatic hyperplastic and adenomatous colorectal polyps. Results. Of the 1899 asymptomatic subjects, the prevalences of hyperplastic polyps and adenomatous polyps were 11.1% and 16.1%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that high body mass index (BMI > 25: OR, 1.32, 95% CI, 1.05–1.71) and current smoking (OR, 1.87, 95% CI, 1.42–2.71) were independent predictors for hyperplastic colorectal polyps. Age over 60 years old (OR, 3.49, 95% CI, 1.86–6.51), high body mass index (BMI > 25: OR, 1.75, 95% CI, 1.21–2.71), heavy alcohol consumption (OR, 2.01, 95% CI, 1.02–3.99), and current smoking (OR, 1.31, 95% CI, 1.04–1.58) were independent predictors for adenomatous colorectal polyps. Conclusion. High BMI and smoking are common risk factors for both adenomatous and hyperplastic polyps. Old age and alcohol consumption are additional risk factors for the development of adenomatous polyps.
Highlights
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide
Multivariate analysis revealed that age over 60 years old (OR, 3.49, 95% CI, 1.86–6.51), high body mass index (BMI) (BMI > 25: OR, 1.75, 95% CI, 1.21–2.71), heavy alcohol consumption (OR, 2.01, 95% CI, 1.02–3.99), and current smoking (OR, 1.31, 95% CI, 1.04–1.58) were independent predictors for asymptomatic adenomatous polyps (Table 5)
The current study demonstrated that the prevalences of colorectal hyperplastic polyps and adenomatous polyps in asymptomatic Taiwanese were 11.1% and 16.1%, respectively
Summary
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. In Taiwan, the incidence of colorectal cancer is increasing as lifestyles and diets have become more westernized. In the United States, by contrast, the incidence of colorectal cancer is declining probably because of advances in cancer screening. Many studies suggested most colorectal cancers originate from a precursor benign polyp [1, 2], which makes this cancer potentially preventable by appropriate screening colonoscopy programs in patients at increased risk. Evidence shows that screening asymptomatic populations beginning at age 50 years can reduce mortality due to colorectal cancer [3, 4] and that removal of precursor adenomas may reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer [5]. Identification of important risk factors for colorectal neoplasia could inform both risk stratification and development of risk reduction strategies
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