Abstract
AimsProlonged QT interval is associated with cardiac arrhythmias and sudden death. The present study determined the prevalence of prolonged QT interval and QT dispersion and defined their clinical and metabolic predictors in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods Cross-sectional study included 501 patients with type 2 diabetes. A standard 12-lead electrocardiogram was recorded. QT corrected for heart rate (QTc) >440 ms and QT dispersion (QTd) >80 ms were considered abnormally prolonged. QTc ≥ 500 ms was considered a high-risk QTc prolongation. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were collected. Independent risk factors for prolonged QTc and QTd were assessed using logistic regression analysis.ResultsPrevalence of QTc > 440 ms and QTd > 80 ms were 44.1 and 3.6 %, respectively. Prevalence of high-risk QTc (≥500 ms) was 2 % only. Independent risk factors for QTc prolongation >440 ms were mean blood glucose (β = 2.192, p < 0.001), treatment with sulphonylurea (β = 5.198, p = 0.027), female gender (β = 8.844, p < 0.001), and coronary heart disease (β = 8.636, p = 0.001). Independent risk factors for QTc ≥ 500 ms were coronary heart disease (β = 4.134, p < 0.001) and mean blood glucose level (β = 1.735, p < 0.001). The independent risk factor for prolonged QTd was only coronary heart disease (β = 5.354, p < 0.001).ConclusionsAlthough the prevalence of prolonged QTc > 440 ms is significant, the prevalence of high-risk QTc (≥500 ms) and QTd > 80 ms is very low in patients with type 2 diabetes. Hyperglycaemia and coronary heart disease are strong predictors of high-risk QTc.
Highlights
The QT interval in the surface electrocardiogram (ECG) reflects the total duration of depolarization and repolarization of the ventricles
The present study determined the prevalence of prolonged QT interval and QT dispersion and defined their clinical and metabolic predictors in patients with type 2 diabetes
Conclusions the prevalence of prolonged QT corrected for heart rate (QTc) [ 440 ms is significant, the prevalence of high-risk QTc (C500 ms) and QT dispersion (QTd) [ 80 ms is very low in patients with type 2 diabetes
Summary
The QT interval in the surface electrocardiogram (ECG) reflects the total duration of depolarization and repolarization of the ventricles. QT dispersion (QTd) represents nonuniformity of regional myocardial ventricular repolarization and is reflected by differences of the QT interval duration between ECG leads. Both prolonged QT interval and prolonged QTd form a substrate for malignant ventricular arrhythmias. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of prolonged QT interval and QT dispersion in patients with type 2 diabetes and their correlations with clinical and metabolic parameters, with particular emphasis on coronary heart disease, the parameters of glycaemic control and type of diabetes treatment Acta Diabetol (2016) 53:737–744 prolonged QT interval and QT dispersion are predictors of cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality in patients after acute myocardial infarction [1], patients with heart failure [2], patients with diabetes type 1 and 2 [3, 4], patients with idiopathic long QT syndrome [5] and in the population of apparently healthy individuals [6, 7].
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