Abstract
Brucellosis is a disease with significant public and economic implications but strategies for controlling this disease remain problematic. This study sought to determine the sero-prevalence of brucellosis in prolonged fever patients and to identify modifiable risk factors for the infection in humans in post conflict Northern Uganda. The study employed a cross-sectional method among prolonged fever patients who had visited selected health facilities in the study districts in Northern Uganda. Sero-prevalence of brucellosis was calculated for i-ELISA IgG/IgM. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain data on possible risk factors for brucellosis. Associations between sero-prevalence and risk factors were measured using the Odds Ratio. Brucellosis was confirmed in 18.7% of the 251 patients that tested positive for the disease, with the rapid Brucella Plate Agglutination Test, and ages 10-84 years (median age 47+0.86). Sex (p = 0.001; OR 3.79; 95% CI 1.75 - 8.24), rearing livestock (p < 0.005; OR 8.44; 95% CI 2.84-25.03) and consumption of unpasteurised milk (p = 0.023; OR 2.57; 95% CI 1.14-5.80) were factors associated with brucellosis. Control of brucellosis in animals, training and sensitisation of the community on brucellosis is needed to stimulate action on human brucellosis control.
Highlights
Brucellosis is a widespread zoonosis of both public health and economic concern[1,2,3]
This study sought to determine the sero-prevalence of brucellosis in prolonged fever patients and to identify modifiable risk factors for the infection in humans in post conflict Northern Uganda
The serological tests like Rose Bengal Plate Agglutination Test (RBPT), standard tube agglutination test (STAT), Enzyme Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) and fluorescence polarization assay (FPA) among others have been applied in human brucellosis diagnosis[11,13,14]
Summary
Brucellosis is a widespread zoonosis of both public health and economic concern[1,2,3]. @ 2018 Muloki et al; licensee African Health Sciences. Health Sciences License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Araj and others[15] reported sensitivities of 100% and 91% for IgM and IgG ELISAs, respectively, and a specificity of 100% for both assays. Objectives: This study sought to determine the sero-prevalence of brucellosis in prolonged fever patients and to identify modifiable risk factors for the infection in humans in post conflict Northern Uganda. Prevalence and risk factors for brucellosis in prolonged fever patients in post-conflict Northern Uganda.
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