Abstract
Amphistomiasis, a neglected trematode infection of ruminants, has recently come up as an important reason for economic losses. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of bovine amphistomiasis and associated risk factors such as: age, gender, breed, season, water source, pastureland and grazing system. Between January 2016 and 2017, a total of 1,000 faecal samples and 1,000 rumens of cattle were collected from slaughterhouse of Zabol, Iran ante‐mortem and post‐mortem, respectively, and examined. The overall prevalence was 34.6% and 19.5% in terms of amphistome adults and eggs respectively. The identified amphistome species and their prevalence were Paramphistomumcervi (13.3%), Cotylophoroncotylophorum (19.5%), Gastrothylaxcrumenifer (5.9%) and Carmyeriusspatiosus (2.7%). The correlation between prevalence and season, age, breed, water source, pastureland and grazing system was significant (p < .0001). The presented information about the prevalence of amphistomes of cattle and individual and management risk factors can be used to design appropriate control measures.
Highlights
Amphistomosis, a neglected trematode infection of ruminants, is caused by digena flukes belonging to several genera including: Paramphistomum, Calicophoron, Cotylophoron, Explanatum, Gigantocotyle and Carmyerius
The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of bovine amphistomiasis in southeast of Iran and investigate the potential risk factors associated with the disease
The present study revealed that the overall prevalence of amphistomidae flukes at Zabol, southeast of Iran was 34.6% during post-mortem examination of rumen and reticulum for presence of adult amphistomum and 19.5% during ante-mortem faecal inspection for presence of amphistomum eggs
Summary
Amphistomosis, a neglected trematode infection of ruminants, is caused by digena flukes belonging to several genera including: Paramphistomum, Calicophoron, Cotylophoron, Explanatum, Gigantocotyle and Carmyerius. Amphistomiasis has recently emerged as an important cause of productivity losses including decrease in milk and meat production, low nutrient conversion, weight loss and reduction in fertility (Javed Khan, Tanveer, Maqbool, & Masood, 2008; Mogdy et al, 2009; Soulsby, 1982). Adult amphistomes except Explanatum explanatum, which resides in the bile duct of domestic ruminants, can be found in and are the primary parasite of the rumen and reticulum of sheep, goats, cattle and water buffaloes (Mazahery, Razmyar, & Hoghooghi-Rad, 1994). Miracidia infect the mollusk with cercariae emerging and typically encysting on vegetation, hard
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