Prevalence and predictors of postpartum depression in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A cross sectional study.

Raneem Seif Al Nasr,Salma Omar Gharibo,Sara Ghallab Alotaibi,Maria Seraj Derbah,Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq,Samah Abdulsallam Fallatah,Kareemah Altharwi,Khattam Alhumidi Almutairi,Marianna Mazza

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0228666

Raneem Seif Al Nasr, Salma Omar Gharibo + Show 7 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0228666

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Journal: PloS one	Publication Date: Feb 10, 2020
Citations: 42	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Alfaisal University

Abstract

ObjectivePostpartum depression (PPD) is inversely correlated with women’s functioning, marital and personal relationships, mother-infant interaction quality, and children’s social, behavioural, and cognitive development. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of postpartum depression (PPD) in Riyadh and correlate them with possible predictors by a cross-sectional approach.MethodsIn this study, 174 mothers receiving treatments in different hospitals of Riyadh completed self-administered measures of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) along with a list of probable predictors. The data was analyzed by logistic regression analysis using SPSS-IBM 25.ResultsOf 174 participants of the study, 38.50% (n = 67) reported postpartum depression. Around (115) of the participants were in an age group of 25–45 years with most of them highly educated (101) but unemployed (136). Significant association was noted between occurrence of PPD with unsupportive spouse (P value = 0.023) and recent stressful life events (P value = 0.003). The significant predictors for PPD were unsupportive spouse (OR = 4.53, P = 0.049), recent stressful life events (OR = 2.677, P = 0.005), and Caesarean section as a mode of delivery (OR = 1.958, P = 0.049)ConclusionThe prevalence of PPD among the study participants was high, especially those with recent stressful life event and unsupportive spouse. To promote health and wellbeing of mothers, it was recommended to screen all high-risk mothers for PPD, when they visit hospitals for postnatal follow ups. Prevention of PPD is not only essential for wellbeing of mothers but it is important to provide good conducive atmosphere for the new born.

Highlights

Depression is a common disorder worldwide, with more than 300 million people affected [1]
Significant association was noted between occurrence of Postpartum depression (PPD) with unsupportive spouse (P value = 0.023) and recent stressful life events (P value = 0.003)
PPD is different from baby blue syndrome, which usually resolves in a few days to one week [7]

Summary

Introduction

Depression is a common disorder worldwide, with more than 300 million people affected [1]. According to American Psychiatric Association (APA), major depressive disorder (MDD) is manifested with a period of at least two weeks of low mood, or loss of interest [2]. According to the world health organization (WHO), depression was ranked fourth at the start of this century and is expected to be the second by 2020 [3]. One of most common type of depression in women across the world is postpartum depression [4]. Postpartum depression (PPD) is a non-psychotic depressive disorder that is classified by the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders as an episode of major depression with onset within 4 weeks of child birth [2]. PPD is different from baby blue syndrome, which usually resolves in a few days to one week [7]

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