Prevalence and pattern of alcohol-induced psychosis and personality profile of male alcohol use disorder patients: A hospital-based study

Abstract

Background: There is a paucity of data on the prevalence and pattern of alcohol-induced psychotic disorder (AIPD) and the role of personality traits in alcohol use disorders (AUDs) and AIPD. Aim: This study aims to study the prevalence and pattern of AIPD and personality profile in AUD and AIPD patients. Materials and Methods: Consecutive sample of 100 patients with AUD fulfilling Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM 5) criteria and between 18 and 60 years old were included in the study with their informed consent. Psychotic symptoms were assessed in keeping with DSM 5 criteria for substance (alcohol)-induced psychosis. The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) was used to explore personality traits. Results: In the present study, middle class and lower middle class people were found to develop AUD. Early age of initiation of alcohol intake placed the individual at risk of developing severe AUD and psychotic symptoms. Psychotic symptoms were seen in 9% of the individuals. Persons with severe alcohol dependence and longer duration of alcohol use were at increased risk for developing psychotic features. The most common psychotic symptom was auditory hallucination. The EPQ showed that 65.93% of the individuals had psychoticism trait; 67.03% were extroverts. Persons with psychoticism trait were found to start taking alcohol at an early age and develop severe AUD. In the neurotic dimension, 54.95% were highly neurotic; 45.05% had average emotional stability. Conclusions: Psychotic symptoms were seen in 9% of patients with AUD. Psychosis in AUD was associated with severity of alcohol dependence, early initiation, longer duration of alcohol intake, and psychoticism personality trait. Psychoticism and extraversion personality traits were predominant in AUD compared to neuroticism trait.