Abstract
The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Fowl typhoid in apparently healthy, sick and dead birds at Rajshahi city corporation area of Bangladesh. A total of 500 birds (50 from each farm) and 30 different organs (liver from 10, ovary from 8, heart from 7, and caecal tonsils from 5) were randomly collected from different commercial poultry farms during the period from January 2018 to December 2018. The prevalence study was performed based on history, clinical signs, symptoms exhibited by the individual bird of a flock during the observation of farms, and illness of birds. The suspected birds were subjected to necropsy examination. During sample collection, clinical signs and gross necropsy changes were recorded very carefully. The collected tissues were fixed, processed, sectioned, stained, and studied light microscopically. The routine histopathological method was used for the detection of tissue-level alterations in Fowl typhoid infected cases. The prevalence of Fowl typhoid in apparently healthy birds of different poultry farms was 8.2%, and 23.33% of organs were involved. Grossly, the liver was enlarged, congested and revealed bronze discoloration with focal necrosis in the surface of the liver. Old raised hemorrhages were found in the caecal tonsils. Congested, deformed, and pedunculated ova were other important findings. Microscopically, the sections of the liver showing multifocal necrosis with infiltration of heterophils and reticulo-endothelial cells.
 Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.8(2): 201-209, August 2021
Highlights
The poultry industry is an emerging agribusiness starting practically during 1980 in Bangladesh (Huque, 2001)
A total of 500 birds from 10 poultry farms were collected for observation of Fowl typhoid infection, and 30 representative organs from sick and dead birds were collected from necropsy cases at different poultry farms during the study period from January 2018 to December 2018
30% in liver, 20% in caecal tonsils, 12.5% in the ovary, and 28.57% in heart out of 30 sick and dead birds, and the infection was highest in the liver (Table 2 & Fig. 2)
Summary
The poultry industry is an emerging agribusiness starting practically during 1980 in Bangladesh (Huque, 2001). There are more than 150 hatcheries producing 7 million day-old-chicks per week and about 150,000 commercial broiler and layer farms supplying 570 million tonnes of poultry meat and 1552 crore table eggs per year (BBS, 2018). This sector is facing a lot of constraints. Fowl typhoid is one of these (Haider et al, 2008; Islam et al, 2006) It is one of the most important bacterial diseases in the poultry industry, causing heavy economic losses through mortality and reduced production (Haque et al, 1997). Natural outbreaks occur in chicken, turkey, guinea fowl, peafowl, duckling, quail, and pheasant either in acute or chronic form
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