Prevalence and morphometric analysis of the retromolar canal in a Spanish population sample: a helical CT scan study.

Abstract

Background The retromolar canal (RMC) is an anatomical variation of the mandibular canal (MC) whose identification and study should be considered given its implication in the surgical procedures of the retromolar area. The prevalence of the RMC widely varies according to previous studies and may be influenced by the followed study method. This work aimed to evaluate the prevalence of the RMC in a Spanish population sample.Material and Methods For this purpose, 225 CT scan images (with a higher resolution than the cone beam CT used in other previous studies) from the Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia were analyzed. The Osirix MD® radiological image analysis system was applied to analyse the dimensions, location in the retromolar area and morphologic characteristics of the RMC by classifying them according to their typology. Furthermore, the relations between the RMC and gender, age and laterality were studied.Results RMC prevalence was 23.1%. No significant relation between the presence of the canal and gender, age or laterality was found. Type Ia was the commonest type with a prevalence of 40.8%.Conclusions Based on the results of this study, the RMC should be considered a frequent anatomical variation whose complete study is very important in daily clinical practice. Key words:Retromolar canal, retromolar foramen, retromolar triangle, mandibular canal, mandibular nerve, inferior alveolar nerve, CT scan, Helical scan.