Prevalence and incidence of peripheral polyneuroapathy and correlation among different clinical factors in people with type 1 diabetes

Abstract

Background: The control and early diagnosis of diabetic neuropathy (DNP) reduce the risk of diabetes foot ulceration and lower-extremity amputation. The aim of this study is to assess correlation among different clinical factors and prevalence of DNP as the result of type-1 diabetes mellitus (DM). Patients and methods: A total of 385 outpatients (52,8% female vs. 41,2% male) with diabetes type 1 were identified from our retrospective monocentric database. Last clinic visit was recorded from 01.09.2013 to 30.9.2015. Mean datas were as following: age 50,65 years, duration of diabetes 22,8 years, BMI 27,3 kg/m2, HbA1c DCCT adjusted 7,2%/55,78 mmol/mol, blood pressure 136/79 mmHg. Polyneuropathy was diagnosed using the neuropathy symptom score and the neuroapthy disability score by Young and Boulton and examination of foot status. Results: Overall prevalence of DPN in type-1 DM patients was 34,2% (male predominant 59,32%). Duration of diabetes, severe of HbA1c, reduction of GFR, non-severe hypoglycemia, diastolic hypertension were associated with prevalence of DNP (P < 0.001). The incidence of DNP was scarcely high in the first five years after the diagnosis of diabetes. The incidence rises from the 5th year on and affects every second patient with type-1 DM after 30 years. The risk factors as systolic arterial hypertension (p = 0.308), BMI (p = 0,5) and albuminuria (p = 1,93) were not significantly correlated with DNP. Conclusions: The prevalence of DPN is high in patients with type-1 diabetes. Presence of certain risk factors, duration of diabetes should be predictive for the prevalence of DNP.