Abstract
Cancers development and complications are a major cause of death in dogs all over the world. The current study attempts to describe the prevalence and anatomo-pathologic traits of mammary gland tumors (MGTs) in bitches in northeast Algeria. From November 2013 to April 2016, a total of 215 bitches originating from four provinces (Constantine, Oum El Bouaghi, Annaba and Skikda) were enrolled. The overall prevalence of MGTs was 19.53%. It was higher in littoral provinces (27.22%) than in inland ones (15.33%). A high rate was documented in Caniche (43.75%) as compared to Cross-breed (16.17%) and German shepherd (14.78%) bitches. The mean age of positively diagnosed animals was 9±0.3 years and the mean size of tumors was 5.4±04 cm. Histopathological classification revealed that 40.47% tumors were benign (mainly benign mixed tumors and benign complex tumors), 30.95% were malignant (especially epidermoid carcinoma, mammary sarcoma and malignant complex tumors) and 28.57% were identified as dysplasia (Mostly Osteo-mammary, benign hyperplasia and fibrocystic mastopathy). Finally, more epidemiological investigations are needed to determine the risk factors that may be implicated in the initiation and evolution of these health problems.
Highlights
Neoplasia is a disorder characterized by a continual unregulated proliferation of some cells which respond inappropriately to the signals that control normal cells behavior and grow/divide in an uncontrolled way
The overall prevalence of Mammary Gland Tumors (MGTs) in the whole studied canine population was 19.53%. It was higher in littoral provinces (27.22%) than in inland ones (15.33%), but not in a significant manner (X2, p = 0.070)
Rare studies have been undertaken regarding the epidemiological status of neoplasms in the canine population in Algeria and especially those affecting the mammary gland
Summary
Neoplasia is a disorder characterized by a continual unregulated proliferation of some cells which respond inappropriately to the signals that control normal cells behavior and grow/divide in an uncontrolled way This disease strikes people as well as animals and can occur in various organs and tissues. Mammary Gland Tumors (MGTs) are among the most prevalent diagnosed neoplasms in the elderly unsprayed bitches (Vail and MacEwen, 2000). In these animals, the mammary gland appears to be more predisposed to develop tumors compared with other animal species (Kumar et al, 2010). In the genesis of canine MGTs, the implication of female sexual hormones has been well demonstrated since estrogen, progesterone and prolactin receptors were found in some canine MGTs (Rutteman and Misdorp, 1993; Geraldes et al, 2000)
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