Abstract
BackgroundTo explore the prevalence, transmission routes and genotypes distribution of HCV in HIV-1/HCV co-infected individuals in Ahvaz, Iran.MethodsThe present cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV adult voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) clients, from September to November 2016. Reverse transcription (RT) nested PCR was performed to amplify the HCV core and 5′UTR regions from 90 HIV/HCV co-infected individuals. The PCR products were then sequenced for HCV subtyping. Genetic analysis was done by MEGA6 software.ResultsThe prevalence of HCV in HIV-1-infected individuals was 58.7%. Injection drug use (IDU) was the most common route (99.1%) of transmission, and most of the patients (97.8%) had a history of imprisonment. The HCV subtypes were identified as 1a (55.2%), 3a (35.8%), 3 h (4.5%), 1b (3%) and 4a (1.5%) respectively, HCV 1a and 3a subtypes were predominant.ConclusionsThe diversity of HCV subtypes in HIV-1/HCV co-infected individuals in Ahvaz city was high, although two subtypes (1a and 3a) are predominant.
Highlights
To explore the prevalence, transmission routes and genotypes distribution of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) in Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1/HCV co-infected individuals in Ahvaz, Iran
In this study we analyzed all records obtained from voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) center in Ahvaz city and found that the prevalence of HCV in HIV-1-infected individuals was 58.7%
A total of 90 HCV/HIV-1 co-infected patients, including 88 (97.8%) men and 2 (2.2%) women were consecutively enrolled during sampling time (3 month) from VCT center in Ahvaz, Khuzestan
Summary
Transmission routes and genotypes distribution of HCV in HIV-1/HCV co-infected individuals in Ahvaz, Iran. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections are major global public health problems [1]. Because of overlapping modes of transmission, HCV co-infection is common in HIV infected individuals but significantly varies depending on the mode of transmission from 10% among people with high risk sexual behavior to 90% among intravenous drug users [2]. An estimated 71 million people have chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and approximately 399,000 people die each year from hepatitis C-related liver diseases [3]. About 2.3 million people of the estimated 36.9 million living with HIV globally have serological evidence of past or present HCV infection. HCV-associated liver disease represents a major cause of morbidity and mortality among HIV-infected patients [4]. HCV is classified into seven major genotypes; 67 confirmed and 20 provisional subtypes. HCV genotypes differ from each other at 30–35% of nucleotide sites, while at the subtypes level exhibits nucleotide divergence typically by < 15% [6]
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