Abstract
Introduction: Bacterial vaginosis is the most common cause of vaginal discharge among women in reproductive age. The normal flora of the vagina varies from person to person, but lactobacilli are usually the preponderant organism. Bacterial flora also contains other aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms. Some of these are considered to be pathogenic. It is recognized that, bacterial vaginosis may be associated with pelvic inflammatory disease, preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PROM), post operative gynaecologic infections and abnormal Papanicolaou smear. Objective: 1) to find the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis. 2). To find the most cost effective reliable method for diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis. Method: A total of 360 consecutive women with complaints of vaginal discharge were considered for the study. The study was undertaken from January 2015 till June 2016 at KBN medical college and hospital, Gulbarga, Karnataka. BV was diagnosed based on Amsel’s composite criteria and Nugent’s scoring system. pH was determined, Whiff amine test for the presence of fishy odor and the presence of the clue cells on vaginal smear were observed. Gram staining was performed for Nugent’s method. Result: Prevalence of BV was 44.16%. Most common affected age group was between 24-35 years. Routinely a combination of various methods are used for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis (BV), although nugent criterion is considered as the gold standard method The prevalence rate of BV in present study was high. Conclusion: With limited resources in developing countries, there is a great need for inexpensive diagnostic methods for bacterial vaginosis. Amsel’s criteria is as good as Nugent’s scoring in diagnosis of BV and it is simple, easy, cost effective, fast and reliable, and can be done in OPD which can be used for precise and fast treatment.
Highlights
Bacterial vaginosis is the most common cause of vaginal discharge among women in reproductive age
A combination of various methods are used for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis (BV), nugent criterion is considered as the gold standard method The prevalence rate of Bacterial vaginosis (BV) in present study was high
Bacterial vaginosis may be associated with pelvic inflammatory disease, preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PROM), spontaneous abortion, post operative infections [4,5]
Summary
Bacterial vaginosis is the most common cause of vaginal discharge among women in reproductive age. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common cause of vaginitis in women of reproductive age group [1]. It the most common infection encountered in the Gynaecological outpatient setting. BV is a poly-microbial synergistic infection characterized by complex changes in the normal vaginal flora attributed to reduction in the Manuscript received: 20th July 2017 Reviewed: 30th July 2017 Author Corrected: 7th August 2017 Accepted for Publication: 14th August 2017 prevalence of Lactobacilli and an increase in the concentration of pathogenic organisms [3]. Bacterial vaginosis may be associated with pelvic inflammatory disease, preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PROM), spontaneous abortion, post operative infections [4,5]
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