Prevalence and determinants of Impaired Serum Creatinine and Urea among type 2 diabetic patients of jimma medical center, Jimma, Southwestern Ethiopia, 2019

Abstract

BackgroundDiabetes mellitus is the leading risk factor for impaired kidney function. Impairment of creatinine and urea are the indicators of chronic kidney disease in diabetes. Even though, renal function impairment among diabetes mellitus cause much burden there are few datas locally available on impairment of urea and creatinine in our set up, Ethiopia. ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence and determinants of serum creatinine and urea impairment among type 2 diabetic patients of Jimma Medical Center, Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia, 2019. Materials and MethodsInstitutional based cross-sectional study was conducted to assess serum urea and creatinine in type 2 diabetic patients attending their follow up at Jimma Medical Center chronic illness clinic. A systematic sampling technique was used to include 287 type 2 diabetic patients in the study and an interviewer-based questionnaire was used to collect important data from each participant. 5 ml of blood was collected from each subject under sterile condition and serum was separated by centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes and stored at -20o C. Serum creatinine and urea analyzed using ABX pentra 400 clinical chemistry analyzer. Bivariate and Multivariable binary logistic regression was used to assess significant association between creatinine and urea impairment, and independent factors. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered significant in final model. ResultsThe prevalence of creatinine and urea impairment was 43.2% and 18.8% respectively.Duration of DM ≥ 10 years (AOR = 3.215, C.I = (1.542-6.702)) and increased WHR (AOR = 2.238, C.I = (1.279-3.918)) were determinant variables for serum creatinine impairment. Duration of DM (AOR = 3.721, C.I = (1.763-7.853)) and alcohol drinking (AOR = 3.163, C. I = (1.079-9.273)) were significantly associated with serum urea impairment. ConclusionCreatinine and Urea impairment was relatively common amongTtype-2 diabetic patients. Duration of DM, alcohol drinking and family history of CVD were independent predictors for urea and creatinine impairment.