Abstract
Objectives: The intensity of psychological sufferings are noticeable among emerging university students which are linked with socio-demographic status and lifestyle conditions. The aim of this research was to determine the prevalence and correlates of depression, anxiety, and stress among university students in Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed among 450 Khulna University students in Bangladesh. Data were collected through an offline self-reported including socio-demographic and behavioral factors, and the 21-item Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Ordered logit model was used to determine relative drivers of depression, anxiety, and stress. Results: The prevalence of moderate to the extremely severe levels of depression, anxiety, and stress was 49.8%, 54.4% and 37.7%, respectively. The likelihood of psychological sufferings (depression, anxiety and stress) among participants has been mostly derived by being female, lower and middle class economic condition of the family, being engaged, poor academic performances, sleeping disturbances and >=5 hours internet use per day. Conclusion: University level students are experienced a high amount of depression, anxiety and stress, with detrimental impact on their health, development, education and standard of living. The regularly scheduled work of the respective authorities should include counseling and sufficient assistance with awareness programme for the students. Besides, the students should be motivated to crave support in response to the psychological sufferings.
Highlights
The years of university are identified as a period of transformation, sometimes stressful situations for life, immense educational pressure, detachment from parental care, self-decision making, sharing of living spaces with random individuals, the formation of new societies, balanced social responsibilities toward universities and other obligations of life [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]
This study was conducted in Bangladesh to determine psychological sufferings and their relative drivers among university level students
The prevalence of anxiety in this study using DASS scale was found similar in some Asian countries including 54.5% in Pakistan [33] and 47% to 63% in Saudi Arabia [3], but lower than some Asian countries including 50.3% to 73.4% in Pakistan [4,5] and 63% in Malaysia [10], and higher than some Asian countries including 28.5% in Jordan [12], 40.1% in India [6] and 41.1% in Nepal [32]
Summary
The years of university are identified as a period of transformation, sometimes stressful situations for life, immense educational pressure, detachment from parental care, self-decision making, sharing of living spaces with random individuals, the formation of new societies, balanced social responsibilities toward universities and other obligations of life [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]. Previous studies have shown the prevalence of psychological sufferings of some kind among the university level students in the past year. Prevalence of moderate to extremely severe levels of depression, anxiety and stress has been reported as to be 60.8%, 73% and 62.4% globally, respectively [2,3,4,5,6,7,10]. Depression, anxiety and stress have been found to be as severe in Bangladesh as 54.3%, 64.8%, and 59.0%, respectively [1,9,11]
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