Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a disease whose prevalence has been steadily increasing worldwide. Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of diabetic kidney disease and to identify the associated factors in type 2 diabetic patients. Material and Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study. The study was conducted over a period from January to June 2016, among patients with type 2 diabetes, followed up at the Division of Diabetology of the University Hospital of Treichville, Abidjan. Results: Of 154 included patients, diabetic nephropathy (DN) was observed in 40 cases (25.9% prevalence). We observed a female predominance (sex ratio; 0.17) and the mean age of 57.7 ± 11 years. Based on the K/DOQI guidelines, half of our patients had stage 3 kidney disease. Complications such as diabetic retinopathy (100%), hypertension (HT) (75%), dyslipidemia (45%) and obesity (30%) were found. Factors such as female sex (P = 0.001; OR [95% CI] = 4.76 [1.85-12.19]), a range 55-65 years old (P = 0.010; OR [95% CI] = 2.64 [1.26-5.53]), obesity (P = 0.012; OR [95% CI] = 3.06 [1.27-7.36]), hypertension (P = 0.0001; OR [95% CI] = 4.77 [2.12-10.71]) and HbA1c <7% (P = 0.002; OR [94% CI] = 3.42 [1.57-7.44]) were associated with nephropathy by multivariate analysis. Conclusion: the prevalence of diabetic kidney disease is high in our study. The associated factors are non-modifiable such as female gender and age, but also modifiable such as obesity and hypertension.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus is a disease whose prevalence has been steadily increasing worldwide
This study aims to assess the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and to identify the associated risk factors for type 2 diabetic patients followed up in this division
All type 2 diabetic patients regularly followed up, and presenting with microalbuminuria and/or abundant proteinuria and/or glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
Summary
Diabetes mellitus is a disease whose prevalence has been steadily increasing worldwide. Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of diabetic kidney disease and to identify the associated factors in type 2 diabetic patients. Based on the K/DOQI guidelines, half of our patients had stage 3 kidney disease. Complications such as diabetic retinopathy (100%), hypertension (HT) (75%), dyslipidemia (45%) and obesity (30%) were found. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimates that diabetes affects approximately 300 million individuals, and predicts that diabetes will affect nearly 438 million people in 2030, (7.8% of the adult population). This corresponds to a 54% increase in 20 years.
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