Prevalence and Bacterial Isolates of Mastitis in Dairy Farms in Selected Districts of Eastern Harrarghe Zone, Eastern Ethiopia.

Tesfaheywet Zeryehun,Gerema Abera

doi:10.1155/2017/6498618

Abstract

The study was conducted from November 2015 to April 2016 to estimate the prevalence of clinical and subclinical mastitis in lactating cows, to assess the associated risk factors, and to isolate the major bacterial pathogens in dairy farms in selected district of Eastern Harrarghe Zone, Eastern Ethiopia. The study was carried out in 384 dairy cows based on data collection, farm visit, animal examination, California mastitis test (CMT), and isolation bacterial pathogens using standard techniques. In the present study the overall mastitis at cow level was 247 (64.3%). The prevalence of clinical and subclinical mastitis and quarter level prevalence for clinical and subclinical mastitis were 12.5% and 51.8% at cow level and 10.7% and 46.4% at quarter level, respectively. Clinically, 101 (6.6%) quarters which belong to 75 (19.5%) animals were found to be with blind teat. In the present study prevalence of mastitis was significantly associated with parity and age (p < 0.05). Bacteriological examination of milk sample revealed 187 isolates where coagulase negative Staphylococcus species (CNS) (34.2%) was the predominant species while Streptococcus faecalis (2.1%) was identified as the least bacteria. The present study concluded that prevalence of mastitis particularly the subclinical mastitis was major problem of dairy cows in the area and hence warrants serious attention.

Highlights

Ethiopia has the largest livestock population in Africa, where cows are among the huge number of the cattle population, where the milk harvested from these animals serves an important dietary source for most of the rural, urban, and periurban population [1]
Mastitis could be a danger to human health because milk from mastitic udder of animal is contaminated with bacteria which could be potential source of infection to consumers [10] and many of them are responsible for diseases like tuberculosis, streptococcal intoxication, colibacillosis, streptococcal sore throat, and brucellosis in human [11]
Upon screening of the functional teats (1536) by California mastitis test (CMT), 713 (46.4%) quarters were found to be affected by subclinical mastitis and 164 (10.7%) by clinical mastitis

Summary

Introduction

Ethiopia has the largest livestock population in Africa, where cows are among the huge number of the cattle population, where the milk harvested from these animals serves an important dietary source for most of the rural, urban, and periurban population [1]. The factors that contributed to the poor performance of the dairy subsectors in the countries include but are not limited to poor productivity, inappropriate technology, poor infrastructures, and inadequate animal feed and animal health services [1, 2]. Mastitis is a multietiologic disease of the mammary gland characterized mainly by reduction in milk production and considered an economically important disease in the dairy subsector in developed and developing nations [4, 5] including Ethiopia [6, 7]. Mastitis could be a danger to human health because milk from mastitic udder of animal is contaminated with bacteria which could be potential source of infection to consumers [10] and many of them are responsible for diseases like tuberculosis, streptococcal intoxication, colibacillosis, streptococcal sore throat, and brucellosis in human [11]

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion