Prevalence and Association Between Obesity and Parental History of Hypertension with Hypertension In Primary School Children in Bali

Abstract

Background: Hypertension in children predicts hypertension in the adulthood. The incidence of hypertension in children is associated with several risk factors such as obesity and parental history of hypertension. Prevalence of hypertension in children in Indonesia, including in Bali has not been determined. Objective: To determine the prevalence of hypertension and its association with obesity and parental history of hypertension in primary school children in Bali. Methods: A cross sectional study among children aged 6–12 years in several primary schools in Bali was done. Samples were selected using multistage random sampling technique during July 2013 to December 2013. Data were collected from physical examination and standar questionnaire. Each associated factor of hypertension were analyzed with chi-square test and logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 1020 children were examined in this study. Prevalence of hypertension was 25.3%. Obesity and parental history of hypertension associated with hypertension in primary school children in Bali (OR 3.34; 95% CI 2.46–4.53; p < 0.001 and OR 5.58; 95% CI 3.61–8.63; p < 0.001 consecutively). Conclusion: About quarter of primary school children in Bali have hypertension. Obesity and parental history of hypertension are associated factor of hypertension. Early detection of hypertension by screening of blood pressure in children is important.