Prevalence and associated risk factors of human intestinal parasitic infections: a population-based study in the southeast of Kerman province, southeastern Iran

Mohammad Javad Abbaszadeh Afshar,Ruhollah Hamidinia,Mohammad Samimi,Mohammad Bagher Amirshekari,Somayeh Amiri,Vali Baigi,Mehdi Mohebali,Mostafa Rezaeian,Maryam Barkhori Mehni

doi:10.1186/s12879-019-4730-8

Abstract

BackgroundDetermination of the prevalence and distribution pattern of intestinal parasites is a fundamental step to set up an effective control program to improve the health status. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and associated risk factors among inhabitants of Rudbar-e Jonub county, southeast of Kerman province, southeastern Iran.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, 861 stool specimens were collected from inhabitants of Rudbar-e Jonub county through a multistage cluster sampling method in 2018. The collected specimens were examined by parasitological methods including, direct wet-mounting (for the fresh specimens with a watery consistency), formalin-ethyl acetate sedimentation and agar plate culture.ResultsThe prevalence of intestinal parasites was 34.2% (95% CI 30.1 to 38.2). The prevalence of protozoan parasites 32.3% (95% CI 28.4 to 36.5) was significantly higher than helminthic parasites 3.2% (95% CI 2.1 to 4.7). Blastocystis sp. (13.3%), Entamoeba coli (11.4%) and Giardia lamblia (10.6%) as protozoan parasite and Hymenolepis nana (2.4%) as helminthic parasite were the most common detected intestinal parasites in the study. Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (1.5%), Iodamoeba bütschlii (1.0%), Chilomastix mesnili (0.5%), Entamoeba hartmanni (0.4%), Enterobius vermicularis (0.3%) and Ascaris lambercoides (0.3%) were other detected parasites. Multiple logistic regression revealed a significant association of intestinal parasitic infections with source of drinking water and residency status (rural/urban). Multiple infections with 2 or 3 parasitic agents constituted 22.7% of 295 infected cases.ConclusionsThis study revealed a high prevalence of intestinal protozoan infections among inhabitants of Rudbar-e Jonub county. Intestinal parasites especially protozoans remain a challenging public health problem wherever sanitation and health measures are limited in Iran.

Highlights

Determination of the prevalence and distribution pattern of intestinal parasites is a fundamental step to set up an effective control program to improve the health status
At least one species of the intestinal parasites was found in 34.2% of the participants
The prevalence of protozoan parasites 32.3% was significantly higher than helminthic parasites 3.2%

Summary

Introduction

Determination of the prevalence and distribution pattern of intestinal parasites is a fundamental step to set up an effective control program to improve the health status. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and associated risk factors among inhabitants of Rudbar-e Jonub county, southeast of Kerman province, southeastern Iran. Determination of the prevalence and distribution pattern of intestinal parasitic infections is a fundamental step to set up a prevention and control program to improve the health status. There is no study available on the distribution of intestinal parasitic infections in Rudbar-e Jonub county as a tropical area and with a deprived community in southeast of Kerman province, southeastern Iran. This study conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with intestinal parasitic infections in Rudbar-e Jonub county inhabitants

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