Prevalence and Associated Factors of Suicidal Ideation and Attempt among People Living with HIV/AIDS at Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Etsay Hailu Gebremariam,Fisseha Zewdu Amdie,Zebiba Nasir,Mebratu Mitiku Reta

doi:10.1155/2017/2301524

Etsay Hailu Gebremariam, Fisseha Zewdu Amdie + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/2301524

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Journal: Psychiatry journal	Publication Date: Jan 1, 2017
Citations: 34	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: University of Gondar

Abstract

Background. Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV/AIDS) continues to be an underrecognized risk for suicidal ideation, suicidal attempt, and completion of suicide. Suicidal ideation and attempt in HIV/AIDS is not only a predictor of future attempted suicide and completed suicide. Methods. An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV-positive patients attending HIV care at Zewditu Memorial Hospital. Systematic random sampling technique was used to recruit 423 participants from April to May 2014. Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used to collect data. Multivariable logistic regression was computed to assess factors associated with suicidal ideation and attempt. Result. Suicidal ideation and suicidal attempt were found to be 22.5% and 13.9%, respectively. WHO clinical stage of HIV, not being on HAART, depression, family history of suicidal attempt, and perceived stigma were associated with suicidal ideation. WHO clinical stage, being female, not being on HAART, use of substance, and depression were associated with suicidal attempt. Conclusion. Early diagnosis and treatment of opportunistic infections, depression, and early initiation of ART need to be encouraged in HIV-positive adults. Furthermore, counseling on substance use and its consequences and early identification of HIV-positive people with family history of suicidal ideation have to be considered.

Highlights

Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV/AIDS) continues to be an underrecognized risk for suicidal ideation, suicidal attempt, and completion of suicide
HIV-positive patients who were not on HAART were 2.5 times more likely to have suicidal ideation as compared to those who were on HAART (AOR = 2.49, 95% CI: 1.07–5.70)
This study found that patients who had World Health Organization (WHO) clinical stage III condition were 4.5 times more likely to attempt suicide as compared to those who were asymptomatic (WHO clinical stage I) (AOR = 4.46, 95% CI: 1.93–10.29)

Summary

Introduction

Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV/AIDS) continues to be an underrecognized risk for suicidal ideation, suicidal attempt, and completion of suicide. WHO clinical stage of HIV, not being on HAART, depression, family history of suicidal attempt, and perceived stigma were associated with suicidal ideation. WHO clinical stage, being female, not being on HAART, use of substance, and depression were associated with suicidal attempt. Counseling on substance use and its consequences and early identification of HIV-positive people with family history of suicidal ideation have to be considered. Suicide is the 10th leading cause of death worldwide and third leading cause of death among those aged 15–44 years. It represented 1.8% of global burden of disease in 1998 [1,2,3]. In Ethiopia, the prevalence of HIV among adult population was 1.2%

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Conclusion