Prevalence and associated factors of increased risk for sleep-disordered breathing and its relationship with body mass index among medical students, intern doctors, and residents

Abstract

BackgroundPoor sleep quality among medical professionals due to study demands and shift work significantly impacts health. Additionally, this group has a higher obesity prevalence compared with the general population. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and associated factors of increased risk for sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and its relationship with body mass index (BMI). MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted using online self-assessment questionnaires. PSQI scores over 6.5 were categorized as an increased risk for SDB. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with an increased risk of SDB. Linear regression analysis was conducted to establish the relationship between PSQI and BMI. ResultsOverall, there were 307 participants, comprising 114 medical students, 120 intern doctors, and 73 residents. One-third of participants (36.5%, 95%CI:31.1–41.9%) had an increased risk of SDB. Residents had the highest proportion of obesity class 2 (13.9%). The risk factors of SDB included medical students (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]:3.17, 95%CI:1.09–9.24), having inadequate exercise (aOR:2.08, 95%CI:1.08–4.00) and sleeping less than 7 h a day (aOR:12.50, 95%CI:5.00–33.33), working more than 40 h per week on shift increased the odds of SDB (aOR:2.97, 95%CI:1.29–6.85). Furthermore, an inverse dose-response relationship between BMI and PSQI score was observed among female participants (β = −0.03, 95%CI: (-0.052)-(-0.005)). ConclusionTo enhance sleep quality, it is advisable to include both adequate exercise and 7–8 h of sleep. Adjusting protected sleep periods is recommended. Implementing lifestyle modification strategies would benefit physicians in training and promote a healthier environment.