Prevalence and associated factors of depressive symptoms among people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in Jakarta, Indonesia.

Abstract

We aimed to investigate the prevalence of depressive symptoms among people living with HIV (PLHIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in a large HIV treatment facility in Jakarta, Indonesia, and to assess associated factors. The Indonesian version of Beck Depression Inventory-II was used to assess depressive symptoms of 346 participants visiting the HIV Integrated Clinic Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital between June and November 2018. Depressive symptoms (BDI-II score ≥14) were exhibited by 50.9% of participants, with prevalences of mild, moderate and severe depression of 30.4%, 15.6% and 4.9%, respectively. Poisson regression with robust variance analysis indicated that having lower income (aPR=1.38, 95% CI 1.12-1.63), duration of ART for 1-5years (aPR=1.25, 95% CI 1.01-1.54) and same-sex partnership (aPR=1.27, 95% CI 1.02-1.58) were positively associated with depressive symptoms. Age, sex and history of using intravenous drugs, and ART-based regimen were not associated with depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms were common among our population despite long-term ART use and were associated with having low-income, ART for 1-5years and same-sex partnership.