Abstract
Background: Throughout the world, approximately 210 million women become pregnant and over 135 million of them deliverr live born infants, while 75 million pregnancies end in stillbirth, preterm or spontaneous or induced abortion. Though there are studies on the various forms of adverse birth outcomes particularly in developing countries and few parts of Ethiopia there is limited data on the adverse birth outcomes at Negest Elene Mohammed memorial general hospital in Hosanna town Sothern Ethiopia. Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of adverse birth outcomes among deliveries at Negest Elene Mohammed memorial general hospital in Hosanna Town, south west of Ethiopia. Methods: Facility based Cross sectional quantitative study was carried out from March 1 to May 2, 2015 at Negest Elene Mohammed memorial general hospital. A convenient sampling technique was used to select 327 study participants. Data was collected using a pre-tested structured interviewer administered questionnaire and measurements of weight of the new born were taken and client’s chart was reviewed to retrieve medical information. The data was entered into SPSS version 20.0 statistical software for windows for analysis, then, logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify independent predictors of adverse birth outcomes at CI of 95% and significance level of P-value<0.05. Result: The study finding showed that 80 (24.5%) of women had adverse birth outcomes. The common adverse birth outcomes were still birth, preterm, and low birth weight with the proportion of 28 (8.6%), 28(8.6%), and 32 (9.8%), respectively). Being government employee [AOR=4.5,95%CI(1.25,15.9)], lack of antenatal care [AOR=3.2,95%CI(1.27,8.06)], rural residence [AOR=3.5,95%CI(1.57,7.93)], hemoglobin<11 mg/dl [AOR=2.5,95%CI(1.1,5.45)], malarial infection [AOR=8.6,95%CI(2.6,22.62)], age<20 years [AOR=4.9,95%CI(11.29,18.6)], pregnancy complications [AOR=6.3%CI(2.8,13.9)], were associated with adverse birth outcomes. Conclusion: Occupation, residence, age, malarial infection, lack of antenatal care, hemoglobin level, and pregnancy complications were associated with adverse birth outcomes. Increasing antenatal care uptake, prevention and treatment of malarial infection, and anemia and improvements in quality of maternal health services require strict attention.
Highlights
Birth outcomes are measures of health at birth
There is still a large gap between the outcomes in developing and developed countries [1]. Adverse birth outcomes such as stillbirth, low birth weight and preterm birth constituted the highest rates of all the adverse pregnancy outcomes and are common in developing countries [2]
Low birth weight infants may suffer the risk of developing many complications which includes respiratory distress, sleep apnea, heart problems, jaundice, anemia, chronic lung disorders, and infections are some of the problems associated with low birth weight babies [3]
Summary
Birth outcomes are measures of health at birth. Birth outcomes have improved dramatically worldwide in the past 40 years. There is still a large gap between the outcomes in developing and developed countries [1] Adverse birth outcomes such as stillbirth, low birth weight and preterm birth constituted the highest rates of all the adverse pregnancy outcomes and are common in developing countries [2]. Complications from preterm birth caused nearly 1.1 million of the 6.3 million deaths of children under age 5 in 2013. Of those more than 3,000 children under the age of 5 die worldwide each day from preterm birth complications, making it the leading cause of death among young children. Direct complications from preterm birth caused 965,000 deaths among children up to 28 days old, and another 125,000 deaths among children aged one month to five years [4].
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