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Abstract
BackgroundEthiopia bears the largest burden of foodborne diseases in Africa, and diarrheal diseases are the second leading causes of premature deaths. Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 causes an asymptomatic infection to severe diarrhea and/or hemolytic-uremic syndrome in humans.MethodsA total of 440 beef carcass and in-contact surface swabs from 55 butcher shops and 85 minced beef samples from 40 restaurants in central Ethiopia were collected and examined for the presence of E. coli O157. Standard microbiological methods were used to isolate and identify E. coli O157 and to characterize the antimicrobial resistance of the isolates.ResultsE. coli O157 was detected in 4.5% carcass swabs (n = 5) and 3.6% cutting board swabs (n = 4) samples from butcher shops. E. coli O157 was not detected in any of the minced beef samples obtained from restaurants. All isolates (n = 9) were 100% susceptible to five drugs, but five isolates were resistant to amoxicillin, two isolates to streptomycin and three isolates to chloramphenicol. One isolate was resistant to two drugs and another to three drugs.ConclusionsThe present study shows a low prevalence of E. coli O157 in beef sold at butcher shops. Nevertheless, given the low infective dose of this pathogen and the deep-rooted tradition of consuming raw or undercooked beef, the current prevalence should not be considered lightly from a public health perspective.
Highlights
Ethiopia bears the largest burden of foodborne diseases in Africa, and diarrheal diseases are the second leading causes of premature deaths
Two samples obtained from the same butcher shop during the same visit were positive for E. coli O157, but in the other cases, the positive carcass swabs and the positive cutting boards swabs were from different butcher shops
Mersha, Asrat [18] found at an export abattoir in central Ethiopia that 8.1% (14/172) of sheep and goat carcass surface swabs taken before washing and 8.7% (15/172) of carcass surface swabs after washing were contaminated by E. coli O157:H7
Summary
Ethiopia bears the largest burden of foodborne diseases in Africa, and diarrheal diseases are the second leading causes of premature deaths. Major pathogenic microorganisms that frequently have been associated with foods of animal origin include Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 In humans this pathogen causes asymptomatic infection to severe diarrhea and/or hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) [3]. Human infections with E. coli O157 have been mostly associated with the Ethiopia ranks second after Nigeria in the health burden of zoonotic diseases in Africa [6]. This country is located in a sub-region that experiences the second highest foodborne disease burden in the world, where E. coli O157 is one of the leading causes of foodborne disease disability adjusted life years [7]. Information about human infections with E. coli O157 is limited in this country, in a study conducted on 422 diarrheic children under 5 years in northern part of Ethiopia, E. coli
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