Prevalence analysis and main criteria for assessing the incidence of eczema for dogs

Abstract

The article discusses one of the common skin diseases of dogs – eczema, which affects about 9.1% of dogs in the city of Kursk. The proportion of dog's skin diseases in the total morbidity structure of animals with non-infectious (57.7%) and infectious pathologies (42.3%) was 36.3%. The influence of the age of animals on animal pathology was determined: eczematous diseases are more often recorded for the animals aged from one to two years (57.5%), somewhat less often (32.7%) at the age of 2 months to 1 year and in isolated cases (9.8%) over the age of 5. It has been established that inurban climatic conditions the frequency of dog's eczematous lesionsis influenced by the air temperature and the amount of precipitation.A high percentage of dogs affected by eczema (47%) is noted in the fall (mainly in September) – 47% and in the summer months (July-August) – 25%. Eczema was registered slightly less in winter (12%) and spring (16%) periods. The causes of dog's eczema of various origins were determined: 34.3% – liver dysfunction, 28.6% – allergic reaction to food, 25.7% – mechanical irritation, 8.5% – pathogenic effect of entomoses and endoparasitic mites, 2, 9% – allergic reaction to drugs. Weeping eczema was found for 42 animals (70%), "chronic eczema" for 18 dogs (30%). Typical clinical signs of eczema manifestations for dogs were recorded in the following ratios: itching – 100%, exudation – 94.5%, papules – 93.2%. Other clinical manifestations were less common, or were only in the anamnesis (fever – 5%, decreased appetite – 18%, drinking a lot of water – 12%, pain when moving the dog – 8%, loss of activity – 20%). A tendency to eczema was observed in dogs with pronounced skin folds, in older animals and in dogs with a thick undercoat.